SORBUS 



SORGHUM 



1689 



pinnately lobed with broad and short, irregularly ser- 

 rate lobes and 5-8 pairs of veins, whitish tomentose be- 

 neath, 2)4-4 in. long; petioles \.,-% in. long: fls. about 

 % in. across, in broad, tomentose corymbs: t'r. orange- 

 red, globose or subglobose, about % in. high. May. 

 Northern and middle Europe. This is sometimes con- 

 founded with N. Jiybridn and considered to be a hybrid 

 of similar origin, but it is certainly a good species. It 

 never bears distinct leaflets at the base and the sinuses 

 do not reach farther than one-third toward the middle. 



11. flabellifdlia, S. Scliau. (Pyrus Aria, var. flabelli- 

 fdlin, Arli. K-w. A fin fhtbellifdlia, Decne. S. f label - 

 ldt, Hort. I. Small tree, attaining 20 ft.: Ivs. orbicular 

 to broadly oval, obtuse, usually broadly cuneate at the 

 base, incisely lobed above the middle, with the short 

 lobes truncate or rounded and coarsely toothed, snowy 

 white beneath, l%-2)4 in. long: fls. scarcely 34 in. 

 across, in dense, white-tomentose corymbs: fr. de- 

 presseil-irlobose. orange-red. Southeastern Eu., W. 

 Asia. Cult, in some nurseries as Pyrus aurea striata. 



12. Aria, Crantz (Pf/nts ^1 *', Ehrh. Aria nivea, 

 Hort. Jhilinia Arin, Med.). WHITE BEAM-TREE. Fig. 

 2354. Tree, with broadly pyramidal or oval head, 

 25-50 ft. high: Ivs. roundish obovate to oblong-oval, 

 usually cuneate at the base, acute or obtuse at the apex, 

 sharply and doubly serrate, of firm texture, bright or 

 dark green and glabrous above, white-tomentose be- 

 neath, 2-5 in. long; petioles %-% in. long: fls. l /t-% in. 

 across, in tomentose, 2-3-in. broad corymbs: fr. sub- 

 globose, orange-red, about 34 in. high. May. Middle 

 and southern Europe to Himalayas and Siber. De- 

 sirable tree for dry and exposed situations, and very 

 ornamental in foliage on account of the contrasting 

 colors of the upper and under sides of the leaves. Sev- 

 eral vars. are known. Var. Cretica, Lindl. (Aria Orceca, 

 Decne. ) . Lvs. orbicular-obovate, coarsely doubly serrate, 

 134-3 in. long, with 6-10 pairs of veins. Southern Eu. 

 Var. Decaisneana, Rehd. (Aria Deeaisneana, Lav. 

 Pyrux Dtcaisneana, Nichols.). Lvs. elliptic to oblong- 

 ovate, acute, irregularly doubly serrate, 3-6 in. long: 

 stamens longer than petals: fr. oval. Probably from 

 the Himalayas and sometimes cult, as S. NepaUnsis. 

 Var. edulis, Wenzig (Pyrus edulis, Willd.). Lvs. ellip- 

 tic-oblong to oblong, rounded or acute at the apex, 

 2-5 in. long: fr. oval, 34-% in. high. There are some 

 garden forms, as vars. aurea, cbrysophylla and lutes- 

 cens, with more or less yellow foliage. 



(Aronia group, species Nos. 18 and 14.) 



13. arbutifolia, C. Koch (Pyrus arbutifdlia, Linn. f. 

 Aronia arbutifolia, Elliot. A. pyrifblia, Pers. Mispi- 

 lus arbutifblia,v&r. erythrocdrpa, Michx.). RED CHOKE- 

 BERRY. Upright shrub, 6-12 ft. high: Ivs. short-peti- 

 oled, oval to oblong or obovate, acute or abruptly acu- 

 minate, crenately serrate, glabrous above except some 

 glands on the midrib, whitish or grayish green and to- 

 mentose or pubescent beneath, 134-3 in. long: corymbs 

 tomentose, few to many-fld., 1-134 in. broad: fls. white 

 or tinged red, 3^-34 in. across: fr. subglobose or pear- 

 shaped, bright or dull red, about % across. April, May. 

 Nova Scotia to Minn., south to Fla. and La. B.M. 3668. 

 G.F. 3:417. 



14. melanocarpa, C. Koch (Pyrus nlgra, Sarg. Ardnia 

 n\gra, Koehne. Pyrus arbutifdlia, var. nlgra, Willd.). 

 BLACK CHOKEBERRY. Closely allied to the preceding, 

 usually lower: Ivs. oval to obovate, abruptly acuminate 

 or obtuse, pale green and glabrous or nearly so beneath : 

 calyx and pedicels glabrous or nearly so: fr. globose, 

 about 34 in. across, shining black. Nova Scotia to On- 

 tario, south to Fla. and Mich. April-June. B.B. 2:237. 

 Var. grandifolia, Dipp. (Pyrus grandifblia, Lindl.), has 

 larger, obovate or broadly obovate Ivs. and larger fls. 

 B.R. 14:1154. Var. subpubescens, Lindl., has the Ivs. 

 pubescent beneath when young. An intermediate form 

 between the two preceding species is figured in B.R. 

 12:1006 as Pyrus floribunda, Lindl.; similar forms are 

 found wild occasionally in the northeastern states. 

 Both species are handsome shrubs; S. melanocarpa is 

 prettier in foliage and in bloom, while S. arbutifolia has 

 showier and usually more numerous fruits. The fruits 

 of both species remain on the branches during the 

 winter. 



.S'. alnifdlia, Wenzig (Pyrus Miyabei, Sarg. Micromeles alni- 

 foliii, Koehne). Tree, 60 ft. high: Ivs. obovate and abruptly 

 acuminate or ovate, serrate, glabrous at length, but on vigor- 

 ous shoots, often remaining tomentose beneath, 2-4 in. long: 

 tls. in ii-12-fld., almost glabrous corymbs: fr. snhglobnsc, ]/ 4 in. 

 across. Japan. Gt. 41, p. 28.'!, 284. G.F. 7:84. S. Chamcemes- 

 liilnx, Crantz (Pyrus ChamsBmespilus, Poll. P. alpina, Dur. 

 Ari.-i Chamaemespilus, Hos.). Upright shrub, ft. high, allied 

 to S. Aria. Lvs. elliptic to oblong serrate, almost glabrous. 



2354. Sorbus Aria (X 34). 



134-234 in. long: fls. pinkish, with upright petals, in dense 

 corymbs about 134 in. broad: fr. oval, orange to brownish red. 

 Middle and southern Europe. S. densifldra, Heynh. (Pyrus 

 densiflora, Spach. P. alpina, Willd., not Dur. Aronia alpina, 

 Dipp.). Hybrid of garden origin between S. Aria and S. me- 

 lanocarpa: shrub, 5 ft. high: Ivs. oval to elliptic-oblong, whitish 

 tomentose beneath, 1/4-3 in. long: fls. white or pinkish, in 

 dense corymbs 1-1% in. broad: fr. pear-shaped, dark bluish 

 purple. S. discolor, Maxim. Closely allied to S. Aucuparia, 

 but quite glabrous: Ifts. oblong-lanceolate, larger, glaucous be- 

 neath. N. China. S. grdcilis, Wenzig (Pyrus gracilis, Sieb. & 

 Zucc.). Shrub, with pinnate Ivs., those at the base of the 

 loose, few-ttd. corymbs with large, incised -dentate stipules. 

 Japan. S. Hdstii, C. Koch (Pyrus Hostii, Hemsl. P. Sudetica, 

 Tausch. Aria Hostii, Jaeq. f.). Supposed to be a hybrid be- 

 tween S. Aria and Chamsemespilus: shrub or small tree, 12 ft. 

 high: Ivs. oval to elliptic-obovate, sharply serrate: fls. pinkish, 

 in dense corymbs about 234 in. broad : f r. globose, ovoid, red. 

 Mts. of M. Europe. Gn. 20:305. R.H. 1877:210. S. lanata, 

 Wenzig (Pyrns lanata. Don. S. majestica, Hort.). Tree, allied 

 to S. Aria: Ivs. oval, sharply and doubly serrate and slightly 

 lobed, 4-7 in. long; styles 2-3, woolly: fr. globose, 34-134 in. 

 across. Himalayas. S. Nepalensis, Hort. = S. vestita; also 

 vars. of S. Aria are often cult, under this name. S. termi- 

 nalis, Hort. = Photinia villosa. S. trilobdta, Heynh. (Pyrus 

 trilobata, DC.). Small tree: Ivs. rather small, almost orbicular, 

 3-lobed, with spreading, denticulate lobes, glabrous: fls. white, 

 withSstyles: fr. subglobose, % in. across. W.Asia. S. vestita, 

 S. Schan. (Pyrus vestita, Wall. P. crenata, Lindl. S. Nepal- 

 ensis, Hort.). Tree, allied to S. Aria: Ivs. elliptic to elliptic- 

 oblong, doubly serrate, densely tomentose beneath, 3-7 in. long; 

 styles 5, woolly at the base only. Himalayas. G.C. II. 1:17. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



SORGHUM. The genus Sorghum is referred to An- 

 dropogon by Hackel and others, and its botanical rela- 

 tions are discussed under that name. It forms a section 

 of that genus, only one species of which is of economic 

 importance. The various cultivated varieties known as 

 Sorghum, Broom Corn, Kaffir Corn, Jerusalem Corn, 

 Millo Maize, Durra, etc., are considered as having been 



