STELLARIA 



of the growing season and in frames, etc., during 

 winter. Lvs. 2 lines to 1% in. long, the lower petioled, 

 the upper sessile: fis. axillary or in terminal leafy 

 cymes: sepals longer than the petals. Eu., Asia. B.B. 

 2:21. It is considered to be a ;;ood fall and winter cover- 

 plant in orchards and vineyards, but is never cultivated. 

 It is an indication of good soil. p -^y BARCLAY. 



STENACTIS. See 



STEPHANANDRA 



1721 



STENANDRIUM (Greek, narrow anthers). Acan- 

 .thacett. About 25 species of tropical or subtropical 

 American herbs, with or without short stems, and usu- 

 ally variegated leaves which are radical or crowded at 

 the base of the plant. Fls. usually small, solitary in the 

 axils of bracts on a scape-like peduncled spike, which is 

 either dense and has broad imbricated bracts or is in- 

 terrupted and has smaller bracts; calyx 5-parted; 

 corolla-tube slender, enlarged at the top, 5-lobed; sta- 

 mens 4; anthers 1-celled; style shortly 2-lobed : capsule 

 4-seeded, or by abortion fewer-seeded. 



Lindeni, N. E. Br. A low-growing, compact plant, 

 with broadly elliptical Ivs. rounded at the apex and 

 lon^-attenuate on the petiole, velvety in appearance, of 

 a dark green with a feathering of white or yellow along 

 the veins, somewhat purplish underneath: fls. not 

 showy, about % in. long, yellow: bracts ovate, acute, 

 serrate, green: spikes 2-3 in. long, narrowly cylindrical. 

 l.H. 38:136; 40:171! (4 (.-Tender foliage plant offered 

 1893-1895 by John Saul and Pitcher & Manda. 



F. W. BARCLAY. 



STENANTHIUM ( Greek, narrow flower; referring to 

 perianth-segments). Liliaceee. Stenanthiumoccidentale 

 is a rare, hardy, summer - blooming bulb from the 

 Pacific coast, with nodding, greenish purple, 6-lobed, 

 bell-shaped fls. about % across, borne in a slender pani- 

 cle. Generic characters: fls. polygamous; perianth nar- 

 rowly or broadly bell-shaped, persistent; segments con- 

 nate at the base into a very short tube, narrow or lanceo- 

 late, 3-7-nerved : seeds 4 in each locule. About 5 species ; 

 one native to the island of Sachaline, another Mexican, 

 the rest west American. 



occidentals, Gray. Stem slender, 1-2 ft. high: Ivs. 

 linear to oblanceolate: raceme simple or branched at 

 base: bracts shorter than pedicels. Oregon to British 

 Columbia. W. jj_ 



STENOCARPUS (Greek, narrow fruit; referring to 

 the follicles, which are long and narrow). Proteacece. 

 About 14 species, of which 11 are New Caledonian acd 

 3 are endemic to Australia. Trees with alternate or 

 scattered Ivs. entire or with a few deep lobes and red 

 or yellow flowers in pedunculate, terminal or axillary, 

 sometimes clustered umbels : perianth somewhat irregu- 

 lar, the tube open along the lower side, the limb nearly 

 globular; anthers broad, sessile: ovary stipitate, with a 

 long, tapering style dilated at the top; seed winged at 

 the base. 



salignus, R. Br. A medium-sized tree, with willow- 

 like, ovate-lanceolate Ivs. 2-4 in. long, with short peti- 

 oles: fls. usually less than % in. long, greenish white, 

 in umbels of 10-20 Hs. : peduncles shorter than the Ivs. 

 B.R. 0:441. Cult, in Calif. p_ ^y_ BARCLAY. 



STENOL6MA (Greek, narrow - fringed) . Polypodi- 

 ui'fir. A genus of ferns formerly included with Davallia; 

 characterized by the decompound Ivs. with cuneate ulti- 

 mate segments, and the compressed suborbicular or 

 cup-shaped indusium which is attached at its sides and 

 open only at the top. For culture, see Fe^rn. 



tenuifdlia, Fee. Lvs. 12-18 in. long, &-9 in. wide, 

 quadripinnatifid, on polished dark brown stalks which 

 rise from stout creeping flbrillose rootstocks; ultimate 

 divisions with toothed cuneate lobes; sori terminal, 

 usually solitary. Tropical Asia and Aus-Polynesia. 

 Var. stricta, Hort., has a more upright habit and nar- 

 rower leaves. L M UNDERWOOD. 



STENOMESSON (Greek, small and middle; alluding 

 to the corolla-tube, which is usually contracted near the 

 middle). Amaryllidacece. About 19 species of tropical 



American bulbous herbs, with linear to broadly strap- 

 shaped leaves and red, reddish yellow or yellow flowers, 

 in a usually many-flowered umbel: perianth-tube long, 

 erect or recurved, the lobes short, erect or spreading: 

 filaments straight, connected by a membrane: capsule 

 somewhat globose, .'i-furrowed, .'f-loculed: seeds black. 



Stenomessons require a good soil and a sunny house 

 with a temperature never below 45. During the grow- 

 ing season they should have plenty of water, but when 

 at rest comparative dry ness is necessary. The offsets 

 should be removed from the old bulbs before growth 

 commences. The plants continue in bloom a number of 

 weeks. 



A. Style shorter than the perianth. 



incarnatum, Baker (Cobtirgia incamata, Sw. ). A 

 tender plant: bulb ovate, 2-3 in. through: Ivy. thick, 

 glaucous, obtuse, about \% ft. long, strap-shaped: scape 

 2 ft. high: fls. 4-5 in. long, few to many in an umbel, 

 variable in color but typically crimson, with a green 

 spot on each segment. August. Peru. l.H. 38:123 

 (perianth-limb light yellow). Gn. 50:1076. 



AA. Style longer than the perianth. 



flavum, Herb. A tender plant: bulb somewhat glo- 

 bose, 1 in. through: Ivs. about 1 ft. long, obscurely 

 petioled, at first compressed on the margin: scape 1 ft. 

 high: fls. yellow, about 2 in. long, usually few in an 

 umbel. B.M. 2641. B.R. 10:778 (as Chrysiphiala flava). 



F. W. BARCLAY. 



STENOTAPHRUM (Greek, stenos, narrow, and taph- 

 ros, a trench; the spikelets being partially embedded 

 in the rachis). Graminece. About 3 species of tropical 

 regions, one of which is found along the Gulf coast, 

 especially in Florida, where it is utilized as a lawn 

 grass. In this respect it is similar to Bermuda grass, 

 being naturally adapted to a sandy soil, which it binds 

 by its rhizomes and creeping habit as does that grass. 

 Spikelets 2-fld., the lower staminate or neutral 2-4 in 

 a short spike, which is embedded in the alternate 

 notches of the broad rachis, thus forming a spike-like 

 panicle. Creeping grasses with compressed culms and 

 flat, divergent leaves. 



Americanum, Schrank. (S. secundatum, Kuntze. 8. 

 gldbrum, Trin.). ST. AUGUSTINE GRASS. Flowering 

 branches erect, 6-12 in. high. Var. variegatum has 

 leaves striped with white, and is used as a basket 

 P lant - A. S. HITCHCOCK. 



The introduced form of St. Augustine Grass is one of 

 the most valuable lawn grasses for the extreme South. 

 It will grow on almost any soil and thrives even in 

 shade. The leaves are rather broad, never over 6 in. 

 high and require little mowing. This grass does not 

 become coarse, does not hold dew or rain, and is par- 

 ticularly good for house lots and lawns. It does not 

 need as much water as Bermuda or St. Lucie grass. 

 It is mostly propagated by cuttings. 



E. N. REASONER. 



STEPHANANDRA (Greek, Stephanos, crown, and 

 aner, andros, male stamen; alluding to the persistent 

 crown of stamens). Roxaceas. Ornamental small decid- 

 uous shrubs with alternate, stipulate, lobed Ivs. and 

 with small white fls. in terminal panicles. Graceful 

 plants, with handsome foliage, hardy north or almost 

 so. Well adapted for borders of shrubberies or rocky 

 banks on account of their graceful habit and handsome 

 foliage. Prop, easily by greenwood cuttings under glass 

 and by seeds; probably also by hardwood cuttings. 



Four species in China and .Japan, all undershrubs 

 with slender more or less zigzag branches : fls. sleuder- 

 pediceled, small, with cup-shaped calyx-tube; sepals 

 and petals 5; stamens 10-20: carpel 1; pod with 1 or 2 

 shining seeds, dehiscent only at the base. Closely allied 

 to Neillia and distinguished chiefly by the cup-shaped 

 calyx-tube and the incompletely dehiscent 1-2-seeded 

 pod. 



flexuosa, Sieb. & Zucc. (S. inclsa, Zabel). Shrub, 5 

 ft. high, almost glabrous, with angular spreading dis- 

 tinctly zigzag branches: Ivs. triangular-ovate, cordate 

 or truncate at the base, long-acuminate, incisely lobed 

 and serrate, the lower incisions often almost to the mid- 

 rib, pubescent only on the veins beneath and grayish 



