22 



BULLOCK 



CARSON 



Tree a moderate grower. Fruit large, oblate to round- 

 oblate, irregular, broadly and obscurely ribbed, sides 

 sometimes unequal ; stem stout, short ; cavity large, 

 acute to acuminate, wide, deep, with heavy outspreading 

 russet ; calyx large, closed or open ; basin large, abrupt, 

 wide, deep, obscurely furrowed, wrinkled ; skin thick, 

 tough, pale yellow or pale green washed and mottled 

 with red, striped and blushed with bright carmine ; dots 

 numerous, small, light or russet, mingled with others 

 which are large, gray and areolar ; calyx-tube conical ; 

 stamens median ; core small, abaxile to axile ; cells sym- 

 metrical and open or closed ; core-lines clasping ; carpels 

 concave, elliptical to round, emarginate, smooth ; seeds 

 dark, large, plump, wide, obtuse ; flesh yellow, firm, 

 coarse, tender, crisp, juicy, with distinct aroma, mild 

 subacid ; fair to good ; November to April. 



BULLOCK. Bullock's Pippin. Golden Rus- 

 set. Bullock was one of the favorite dessert 

 apples of a century ago, and continued in 

 favor until Downing's time. He speaks of it 

 as "one of the most delicious and tender of 

 apples." The fruits are small, and, with their 

 modest russet skins, are not striking enough 

 to attract much attention now, but its rich, 

 spicy, refreshing flavor makes it too good an 

 apple to be wholly lost. It succeeds best in 

 sandy or gravelly soils. Bullock originated 

 in Burlington County, New Jersey, more than 

 a century ago. Its culture is restricted to the 

 seaboard of the Middle Atlantic states. 



Tree not large but vigorous, upright or round-topped. 

 Fruit small or medium, round-conic to ovate, regular in 

 outline, uniform ; stem long, slender ; cavity acuminate, 

 deep, narrow, funnel-shape or compressed ; calyx small, 

 closed ; basin small, often oblique, shallow, narrow, 

 wrinkled ; skin pale yellow, more or less overspread and 

 splashed with thin russet ; dots numerous, small, obscure, 

 russet ; core large, axile, open ; core-lines nearly meet- 

 ing ; carpels round ; seeds large, plump ; flesh yellow, 

 firm, fine, crisp, very tender, juicy with an agreeable 

 rich, aromatic, mild subacid flavor ; very good to best ; 

 October to January. 



CANADA BALDWIN. Canada Baldwin, 

 an inapt name, is a very late Fameuse, and 

 deserves a place on apple lists in northern re- 

 gions to extend the season of Fameuse. It 

 is not so attractive in appearance nor so well- 

 flavored as the better-known Fameuse. The 

 variety originated on the farm of Alexis Dery, 

 St. Hilaire, Quebec, about 1850. 



Tree upright, becoming open and spreading ; branches 

 long, stout. Leaves broad. Fruit medium, round-conic, 

 sometimes oblate, obscurely ribbed, symmetrical, regular ; 

 stem pubescent, long, slender, bracted, or more often 

 short and thick ; cavity large, acute, deep, broad, smooth 

 or covered with thin russet, often furrowed or com- 

 pressed, pubescent near base of stem ; calyx closed or 

 open, pubescent, with long, acuminate, reflexed lobes ; 

 basin shallow, obtuse, often furrowed or compressed, 

 irregularly wrinkled, often with mammiform protub- 

 erances ; skin thick, tough, smooth, pale yellow, mottled 

 and blushed with bright red, splashed and striped with 

 carmine, conspicuously marked with areolar dots and 

 covered with a thin bloom ; dots large, numerous, areolar 

 with russet or gray center ; calyx-tube funnel-shape ; 

 stamens marginal to median ; core closed or partly open ; 

 core-lines clasping ; carpels smooth, ovate, emarginate, 

 mucronate ; seeds large, plump, acute, numerous, narrow, 

 long, smooth or tufted ; flesh white, tinged with red, 

 firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, pleasant ; 

 good or very good ; November to January. 



CANADA RED: See Red Canada. 



CANADA REINETTE. Canada Pippin. 

 White Pippin. This variety, supposed to have 

 originated in Canada, is not well thought of 

 on this side of the Atlantic, being excelled by 



many similar sorts, but is highly esteemed in 

 Europe. In America, the apples lack in quality 

 and the trees are unproductive. The origin of 

 the variety is not definitely known; it was 

 first described in France in 1786. 



Tree vigorous, spreading and drooping ; branches long, 

 stout, crooked. Leaves broad. Fruit variable in size, 

 frequently very large, oblate or roundish, inclined to 

 conic, often irregularly, broadly angular, sometimes with 

 furrows extending from base to apex, not uniform in 

 shape ; stem short ; cavity acute, broad, wavy, sometimes 

 russeted ; calyx large, closed or partly open ; basin 

 abrupt, deep, wide, furrowed and wrinkled ; skin yellow, 

 sometimes with a blush, not striped, marked with dots, 

 flecks or irregular patches of russet ; calyx-tube wide, 

 cone-shape ; stamens median or basal ; core medium, 

 abaxile to axile, open or partly so ; core-lines meeting ; 

 carpels round, inclined to obovate, tufted ; seeds few, 

 large, long, tufted, dark ; flesh yellow, firm, tender, 

 coarse, breaking, juicy, subacid ; very good ; early winter 

 until March or April. 



CANNON. Cannon Pearmain. Cannon is 

 an old southern apple, valued as a long-lived 

 sort, which first appeared in pomological litera- 

 ture in 1851 with the statement that it origi- 

 nated in Virginia or North Carolina. It is 

 still grown in the South Atlantic states. 



Tree healthy, vigorous, spreading. Fruit medium to 

 large, ovate varying to roundish, regular, symmetrical, 

 uniform ; skin greenish-yellow, mottled and washed with 

 bright red faintly striped with carmine ; dots yellow, 

 often areolar with russet point ; core medium, axile, 

 closed ; core-lines clasping ; flesh yellow, firm, coarse, 

 crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid ; good ; January to April. 



CARPENTIN. Carnation. Gray Reinette. 

 The fruit of Carpentin is handsome, pleasantly 

 flavored, red-russet, not larger than the well- 

 known Lady, and most suitable for dessert. 

 The origin of the variety is unknown, but it 

 was first described in America by Downing in 

 1872. It is little grown and deserves wider 

 recognition in home orchards. 



Tree vigorous, with long slender shoots. Fruit small, 

 uniform in size and shape, round-conic to oblate, regular 

 and symmetrical, occasionally with sides unequal ; stem 

 very long, slender ; cavity large, acuminate, deep, broad, 

 symmetrical, often with concentric broken russet lines ; 

 calyx small, closed ; lobes short, broad, obtuse ; basin, 

 abrupt, shallow, narrow, smooth or sometimes furrowed, 

 symmetrical, marked with concentric broken lines of 

 russet ; skin thick, tough, dull yellow or with bright 

 blush, partly smooth but more or less netted with cin- 

 namon-russet ; dots scattering, gray ; calyx-tube small, 

 short, narrow to wide, conical ; stamens basal ; core 

 axile, medium, often closed ; core-lines meeting, clasp- 

 ing ; carpels elliptic to round or broadly ovate, emargi- 

 nate ; seeds dark, wide, short, obtuse to broadly acute ; 

 flesh white, sometimes with red tinge next the skin, very- 

 firm, fine, crisp, tender, very juicy, subacid, brisk, 

 strongly aromatic, high in flavor ; very good ; December 

 to April. 



CARSON. Nurserymen and fruit-growers 

 in Indiana speak very highly of Carson as an 

 extra early variety, and believe that it has 

 commercial possibilities. The variety is said 

 to be a seedling of Summer Rose; it origi- 

 nated with a Mr. Carson near Indianapolis,. 

 Indiana, about 1906, and -was introduced by 

 C. M. Hobbs & Son, Bridgeport, Indiana, in 

 1915. The following description is compiled 

 from nursery catalogs: 



Tree upright, straight-limbed, very vigorous, bearing 

 early, annually and heavily, without tendency to blight. 

 Fruit medium to large, from one-third to one-half larger 

 than Yellow Transparent, round-oval, yellow, overlaid 



