DOMINE 



green, blushed and washed with bronze red, prevailing 

 effect yellowish green ; skin thin, tough, smooth, dull, 

 waxen ; dots pronounced, numerous, large to small, more 

 numerous at basin, submerged, areolar ; cavity acumi- 

 nate, deep, medium wid^h, sometimes slightly russeted, 

 often compressed ; stem medium length, slender, pubes- 

 cent, green ; basin medium to deep, medium width, 

 abrupt, smooth, tendency to be compressed ; calyx open 

 to partly closed, large ; lobes long, leafy, acute, narrow ; 

 calyx-tube conical, short, wide ; stamens basal ; core 

 medium, lines clasping, axile ; cells symmetrical, closed ; 

 carpels elliptical, mucronate ; seeds medium sized, long, 

 plump, acute, dark brown ; flesh firm, fine, crisp, tender, 

 cream white, juicy, very mild, subacid, sprightly, 

 aromatic, very good to best ; use dessert ; season, har- 

 vested last of August, storage to February. Tree large, 

 upright spreading, dense, very vigorous, healthy." 



DOMINE. English Red Streak. Domine 

 is one of the choicely good apples rapidly pass- 

 ing from cultivation, but still to be found in 

 many old orchards. The apple is commonplace 

 in color and size, but the quality is good, its 

 juiciness and sprightliness making it one of 

 the most refreshing of fruits, while, at the 

 same time, it is rich in flavor. The tree, un- 

 fortunately, is not very productive, and its 

 branches break easily when heavy crops do set. 

 The origin of Domine is uncertain, but it has 

 been grown in America at least since 1820, its 

 culture being confined for the most part to 

 the Middle Atlantic states. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, with long, spreading 

 branches. Leaves long, drooping and characteristically 

 twisted. Fruit medium, sometimes large, oblate, some- 

 times oblong and distinctly flattened at the base, sides 

 often unequal, ribbed ; stem medium to long, slender ; 

 cavity obtuse, wide, deep, often furrowed, usually with 

 outspreading brown-russet rays ; calyx closed or open ; 

 lobes long, acute ; basin pubescent, shallow to deep, 

 wide or compressed, abrupt, usually furrowed ; skin 

 thick, tough, smooth, bright, yellow or green mottled 

 and splashed with deep pinkish-red, striped with bright 

 carmine and overlaid with thin bloom ; dots pale, nu- 

 merous toward the basin, toward the cavity scattering, 

 large, irregular and with russet center ; calyx-tube 

 funnel-shape with a wide limb and short truncate cylin- 

 der ; stamens median ; core small, abaxile ; cells sym- 

 metrical, closed or partly open ; core-lines meeting or 

 clasping ; carpels broadly elliptical, emarginate ; seeds 

 numerous, large, plump, narrow, long, acute, dark ; 

 jftesh yellow, firm, breaking, coarse, tender, juicy, mild 

 subacid with a peculiar aromatic flavor ; good to very 

 good ; November to March. 



DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG: See Old- 

 enburg. 



DUDLEY. Dudley's Winter. North Star. 

 By virtue of hardiness and productiveness, 

 Dudley deserves a place in orchards in north- 

 ern localities. The fruit is of the type of 

 Oldenburg. The variety is not desirable except 

 where hardiness is a determinant. Dudley is 

 a seedling of Oldenburg, grown by J. W. 

 Dudley, Castle Hill, Maine, having been first 

 described in 1891. 



Tree small, vigorous, spreading and drooping, dense; 

 branches short, stout. Fruit large, uniform, round-conic 

 or round-oblate, symmetrical ; stem long, thick ; cavity 

 acute, deep, broad, sometimes russeted, obscurely fur- 

 rowed ; calyx large, open or partly closed ; basin abrupt, 

 deep, broad, obscurely furrowed, wrinkled ; skin thin, 

 tender, smooth, pale yellow covered with a bright red 

 blush, striped and splashed with carmine and covered 

 with light bloom ; dots" scattering, light, small ; pre- 

 vailing color red striped over yellow ; calyx-tube long 

 wide, funnel-shape ; stamens median ; core axile ; cells 

 closed or partly open ; core-lines clasping ; carpels 

 broadly elliptical, tufted ; seeds large, wide, long, flat, 



EARLY HARVEST 



27 



fine- 



obtuse, dull dark brown ; flesh yellow, firm, crisp, fint 

 grained, tender, very juicy, aromatic, brisk subacid 

 becoming mild ; very good ; September and October. 



DUTCH MIGNONNE. This once valued 

 general-purpose apple has served its day and 

 is passing from cultivation, disappearing chiefly 

 because the apples are unattractive and not 

 quite good enough in quality. The trees are 

 vigorous and in alternate years productive. 

 The history of this old-time worthy goes back 

 to 1771 it was probably grown long before 

 that date when it was imported from Holland 

 to England; thence to America about 1800. 



Tree vigorous, wide-spreading, dense ; branches short, 

 stout, curved. Leaves broad. Fruit large, uniform in 

 size, round-oblate, sometimes conic, often elliptical and 

 broadly ribbed ; stem often characteristically long and 

 slender and obliquely inserted ; cavity acute, deep, broad, 

 often with outspreading russet rays and faint lines and 

 flecks of dull gray scarf-skin, furrowed or sometimes 

 compressed, occasionally lipped ; calyx small, closed or 

 open ; basin shallow, wide, often furrowed and wrinkled ; 

 skin yellow with thin orange blush, in highly-colored 

 specimens deepening to orange-red, mottled and spar- 

 ingly splashed or striped with carmine ; dots numerous, 

 white or russet, often areolar ; prevailing effect dull 

 orange-yellow ; calyx-tube large, long, conical ; stamens 

 marginal ; core axile, small, closed ; core-lines clasping ; 

 carpels broadly roundish, flat, emarginate ; seeds few, 

 often long, irregular, flat, obtuse or acute ; flesh yellow, 

 firm, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, sprightly, good 

 for dessert ; excellent for cooking ; often extending to 

 May. 



DYER. Golden Spice. Pomme Royale. White 

 Spice. The creamy white, half transparent 

 flesh tender, crisp, aromatic, sprightly, and 

 rich make the fruit of Dyer the quintessence 

 of the apple-orchard. The color greenish 

 yellow with a delicate blush of red makes it 

 a handsome fruit as well. Unfortunately this 

 fine apple cannot be enjoyed often nor in 

 quantity, nor by many, as the trees bear only 

 biennially, and are not fruitful, vigorous, 

 healthy, or hardy. The name, Dyer, was given 

 the fruit about sixty years ago, but the variety 

 was cultivated during the Revolutionary War, 

 and is supposed by some to be the old French 

 sort, Pomme Royale. Its culture is confined 

 to the East and Middle West. 



Tree vigorous in the nursery, dwarf in the orchard ; 

 comes in bearing young, but is short-lived ; productive 

 biennially. Fruit medium or sometimes large, round- 

 oblate, regular or obscurely ribbed ; stem long, slender ; 

 cavity small, acute, deep, sometimes lipped ; calyx small, 

 closed ; lobes Ion.?, recurved ; basin small, s.iailow to 

 deep, furrowed ; skin smooth, pale yellow, more or less 

 flecked and marbled with a brow7iish blush on one cheek ; 

 dots dark or russet ; core of medium size ; cells open 

 or closed ; core-lines clasping ; seeds numerous, plump, 

 short, small, pale ; flesh yellow, fine, very crisp, tender, 

 aromatic, sprightly, mild subacid, highly flavored ; very 

 good to best ; September and October. 



EARLY HARVEST. Fig. 17. July Pip- 

 pin. Tart Bough. Yellow Harvest. Yellow 

 Juneating. As the earliest summer apple, and 

 because the fruit is excellent for either dessert 

 or cooking, Early Harvest should hold a wel- 

 come place in every home collection. Much 

 of the fruit is too small to be marketable, and 

 the apples bruise badly in handling, so that 

 the variety is suitable only for nearby markets. 

 The trees are above the average in vigor, pro- 

 ductiveness, hardiness, and healthfulness. Early 



