34 



GREEN NEWTOWN 



GREENVILLE 



grown in highest perfection in but few locali- 

 ties. Nova Scotia, where it becomes a winter 

 apple, seems best suited to its needs. Graven- 

 stein is an old German apple which has been 

 in America probably a hundred years or more; 

 it was described as early as 1824. 



22. Gravenstein. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, open. Fruit 

 large, uniform in size but not in shape, oblate or round, 

 somewhat irregular, broad at the base, angular, narrow 

 to broad, irregularly russeted ; calyx large, open or 

 closed ; lobes large, long, very broad, acute ; basin 

 irregular, wide, obtuse to abrupt, wrinkled ; skin thin, 

 tender, rough, greenish-yellow or orange-yellow overlaid 

 with broken stripes of light and dark red ; dots few, 

 small, light ; prevailing effect yellow striped ; calyx-tube 

 large, conical ; stamens median ; core medium in size, 

 strongly abaxile ; cells open ; core-lines clasping the 

 funnel cylinder ; carpels broad-ovate, emarginate ; seeds 

 large, long, plump, acute, brown ; flesh yellow, firm, fine, 

 crisp, tender, juicy, sprightly subacid, aromatic ; very 

 good to best ; late September till early November. 



GREEN NEWTOWN. Fig. 23. Albe- 

 marle. Albemarle Pippin. Green Newtown 

 Pippin. Mountain Pippin. Newtown Pippin. 

 Yellow Newtown. Unfortunately, this apple 

 can be grown in perfection only in certain re- 

 gions, as: Hood River, Oregon; the Albemarle 

 region, Virginia; and along the Hudson River, 

 New York. By virtue of high quality, long- 

 keeping and beauty of fruit, together with good 



23. Green Newtown. 



tree-characters, Green Newtown has high 

 standing in regions where it thrives. Experi- 

 ments at the Experiment Station, Geneva, 

 New York, show that it is a most excellent 

 apple to use in breeding. Green Newtown is 

 preeminently an American apple. The original 

 tree came into bearing early in the eighteenth 

 century, and the variety was soon widely 

 grown. In 1759 samples were sent to Benjamin 

 Franklin in England, where they attracted 

 much attention; John Bartram, the Quaker 

 botanist, soon after sent grafts to England; 



and Thomas Jefferson was growing the variety 

 at Monticello in 1778. Some pomologists 

 maintain that there is a Yellow Newtown, a 

 distinct variety from Green Newtown; but the 

 differences in color are due to differences in 

 soil or climate two varieties do not exist. 



Tree moderately vigorous, of medium size, spread- 

 ing or roundish, dense. Fruit medium to large, uniform 

 in size but variable in form and coloring, usually round- 

 oblate and more or less angular, with an oblique axis, 

 sometimes elliptical ; stem medium or short ; cavity 

 deep, acuminate, broad or compressed, often with rays 

 of russet ; calyx small, closed or nearly so ; lobes small, 

 acute ; basin medium in width and depth, furrowed and 

 often wrinkled ; skin tough, smooth or roughened with 

 brownish-russet dots, grass-green at fruit harvest but 

 yellow later, often showing brownish-pink especially 

 near the base ; dots submerged, numerous toward the 

 eye, white scarf-skin over the base ; calyx-tube long, 

 funnel-shape ; stamens median ; core small, abaxile ; 

 cells symmetrical, closed ; core-lines clasping ; carpels 

 broadly roundish or round-obcordate, emarginate, tufted ; 

 seeds tufted, dark, narrow, acuminate ; flesh yellow, 

 firm, crisp, tender, fine-grained, juicy, sprightly, with 

 a fine aromatic subacid flavor ; best ; February to May. 



GREEN SWEET. Green Sweeting. Honey 

 Sweeting. The fruits of this excellent variety 

 remain crisp and juicy until spring: from 

 apple harvest to apple blossoming, it is a 

 delicious sweet apple either for dessert or 

 culinary uses. The fruits run small, with the 

 result that there is usually much loss from 

 culls, as there is also from dropping. The tree 

 is unique in its upright, compact growth, and 

 in bearing fruit close to the branches on short 

 laterals and spurs. The variety probably 

 originated more than a century ago in New 

 England, where it is still chiefly grown. 



Tree large, vigorous, compact, erect or round-topped ; 

 branches stout, young branches dark green. Fruit 

 medium, sometimes large, ovate to round-conic, some- 

 times obscurely ribbed, regular and uniform in size ; 

 stem long, slender ; cavity furrowed, deep, acuminate, 

 broad, smooth or open ; lobes leafy, long, acute ; basin 

 variable, medium in width and depth, abrupt, wrinkled 

 and more or less obscurely furrowed ; skin green, be- 

 coming yellow, with a thin brownish-red blush ; dots 

 green or with fine russet point, often submerged and 

 white ; prevailing color green ; calyx-tube wide, cone- 

 shape ; stamens median ; core large, abaxile, open ; core- 

 lines clasping or meeting ; carpels round-ovate ; seeds 

 numerous, small, narrow, acute ; flesh greenish-white, 

 tender, fine-grained, juicy, very sweet ; good ; December 

 to April or May. 



GREENVILLE. Winter Maiden Blush. 

 Greenville is a seedling of the well-known 

 Maiden Blush, which it much resembles, differ- 

 ing chiefly in bearing winter instead of fall 

 apples. The tree is a heavy and an annual 

 bearer, a light crop usually alternating with 

 a heavy one. It is a good winter apple, but 

 quite destitute of any characters that would 

 make it stand forth preeminently. The variety 

 originated on the farm of Jason Downing, 

 Darke County, Ohio, in 1874, and its culture 

 is confined to its native state. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading. Fruit medium to 

 large, round-oblate to round-oblong, symmetrical but 

 sometimes irregular or obscurely ribbed, uniform in 

 shape ; stem short ; cavity acute, deep, wide, sym- 

 metrical, sometimes furrowed, sometimes lipped, often 

 russeted ; calyx closed or open ; lobes often long, 

 acuminate ; basin shallow, usually furrowed and wrin- 

 kled ; skin tough, waxen, pale yellow with a red blush ; 

 calyx-tube narrow, funnel-form ; stamens median ; core 

 medium, abaxile ; cells closed or partly open ; core-lines 



