36 



HIBERNAL 



HOLLAND WINTER 



Hawley originated from seeds planted by 

 Mathew Hawley, New Canaan, New York, 

 about 1750. It is to be found in all apple re- 

 gions where there are fruit-growers of New 

 York ancestry. 



Tree large, vigorous, hardy, long-lived, susceptible to 

 fungi, comes in bearing late, moderately productive. 

 Fruit large or very large, uniform in size and shape, 

 globular, oblate or conic, sometimes elliptical, ribbed ; 

 *tem medium in length, slender ; cavity acute, deep, 

 wide and with outspreading russet rays ; calyx large, 

 partly closed ; lobes often separated at the base, re- 

 flexed, wide, acute ; basin deep, medium to wide, very 

 abrupt, often furrowed ; skin smooth, waxy, thin, pale 

 green deepening to yellow, sometimes showing a faint 

 Tarown blush, with scattering russet dots and flecks 

 especially toward the cavity ; calyx-tube large, wide, 

 cone-shape, yellow or brown ; core medium ; cells closed ; 

 core-lines meeting ; carpels flat, tufted, round, emargi- 

 nate ; seeds few, obtuse, medium in size, often abortive ; 

 flesh yellow, soft, tender, fine-grained, juicy, rich, mild 

 subacid ; very good ; September to November or later. 



HIBERNAL. Romna. Hibernal ranks 

 among the best of the Russian apples one of 

 the most valuable in rigorous climates in the 

 United States and Canada. The fruit is but 

 mediocre for dessert or cooking, but the tree 

 commends the variety most highly. The tree 

 is not only one of the hardiest of its type, but 

 also one of the most vigorous, healthy, and 

 productive, making an excellent orchard plant 

 either to produce its own fruit or upon which 

 to graft less hardy or less vigorous varieties. 

 The variety was imported from Russia between 

 1870 and 1880. 



Tree vigorous, spreading, drooping ; branches short, 

 stout, curved, crooked and drooping. Fruit large, not 

 uniform in shape or size, usually oblate-conic, often 

 with sides unequal ; stem short and stout, pubescent ; 

 cavity large, acute, deep, wide, furrowed, occasionally 

 lipped, russeted ; calyx large, open or partly closed ; 

 lobes often separated at the base, broad, acute ; basin 

 large, often oblique, narrow, abrupt, furrowed and 

 wrinkled ; skin thick, tough, smooth or roughened with 

 flecks of russet; color pale yellow, with thin bloom, 

 "blushed and striped with hfright carmine ; dots small, 

 numerous, pale yellow or gray, conspicuous ; calyx-tube 

 long, wide, funnel-shape ; stamens median ; core small, 

 axile ; cells closed ; core-lines meeting ; carpels round- 

 ovate, emarginate, tufted ; seeds small, short, plump, 

 obtuse, dark brown ; flesh yellow, firm, coarse, juicy, 

 brisk subacid ; astringent ; fair to good ; September 

 to January. 



HILAIRE. St. Hilaire. Hilaire is a seed- 

 ling of Fameuse, from which it differs in bear- 

 ing fruits a little larger, which keep longer 

 .and have a more acidulous flavor. Like 

 Fameuse, Hilaire is of Canadian origin, having 

 come from St. Hilaire, Quebec, about 1875, 

 where it originated on the farm of Alexis 

 Dery. Its culture is largely confined to the 

 French settlements in Canada. 



Tree large, vigorous. Fruit medium to large, uniform 

 in size, oblate or round-oblate, irregular ; stem medium, 

 :slender ; cavity acuminate, deep and broad, not russeted, 

 symmetrical ; calyx medium, usually closed ; lobes broad, 

 obtuse ; basin shallow, wide, abrupt, wrinkled, sym- 

 metrical ; skin thin, tender, smooth, pale yellow over- 

 spread with red, covered with faint bloom, stripes 

 obscure ; dots very numerous, small, red, sometimes gray 

 or russet ; prevailing effect brilliant red deepening to 

 dark red ; calyx-tube long, narrow, funnel-shape ; stamens 

 median ; core axile, small ; cells closed or partly open ; 

 core-lines clasping the funnel cylinder ; carpels round, 

 emarginate ; seeds dark, numerous, large, wide, obtuse 

 to acute ; flesh white tinged with red, fine, crisp, tender, 

 juicy, sprightly subacid ; good to very good ; November 

 to January. 



HOADLEY. Hoadley is an apple of the 

 Oldenburg group, differing from Oldenburg 

 chiefly in ripening its crop a month later. The 

 apples are not as high in quality as those of 

 Oldenburg. The variety originated in Wis- 

 consin about 1890, and its culture is chiefly 

 confined to its native state. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading. Fruit large, some- 

 times very large, round-oblate or conic, angular, sides 

 unequal ; stem short, thick ; cavity acute, deep, broad, 

 symmetrical, thinly and irregularly russeted ; calyx 

 large, closed or partly open ; lobes long, broad, acute 

 to obtuse ; basin deep, narrow, wide, abrupt, furrowed ; 

 skin thick, tough, yellow overspread with bright red, 

 mottled and irregularly striped and splashed with 

 carmine ; dots inconspicuous, submerged, pale ; calyx- 

 tube variable, short, wide, funnel-shape ; core of medium 

 size, abaxile ; cells open ; core-lines meeting ; carpels 

 broadly cordate or elliptical, tufted ; seeds wide, long, 

 plump, obtuse, dark colored ; flesh yellow, firm, coarse, 

 crisp, tender, very juicy, brisk subacid ; good ; late 

 September to November. 



HOLLAND PIPPIN. French Pippin. 

 Summer Pippin. Holland Pippin is often con- 

 fused with Holland Winter and Fall Pippin. 

 The following differences distinguish it from 

 these two: Holland Pippin is a fall apple, 

 while Holland Winter is in season in winter. 

 Holland Pippin is a culinary fruit, while Fall 

 Pippin is a choice dessert apple. Of the two, 

 Holland Pippin is the earlier, going out of 

 season soon after Fall Pippin begins to ripen. 

 Holland Pippin is the greener fruit of the 

 two, Fall Pippin being fit to use only when 

 it is a golden yellow in color. The stalk of 

 Holland Pippin is short and set in a wide 

 cavity, while that of Fall Pippin is long and 

 set in a narrow cavity. The trees of both 

 varieties are much the same in habit and 

 both are exceptionally satisfactory. The origin 

 of Holland Pippin is unknown, but it has been 

 grown in America over a century, its culture 

 extending from the Atlantic westward to 

 Michigan and Indiana. 



Tree large, vigorous, spreading or round-topped. Fruit 

 large or very large, uniform in size and shape, round or 

 oblate-conic, obscurely ribbed ; stem short, usually slen- 

 der ; cavity acute, medium in width, shallow, usually 

 covered with thick outspreading russet ; calyx pubescent, 

 small, closed or partly open ; lobes long, acute ; basin 

 shallow to deep, narrow, abrupt to obtuse, ridged and 

 wrinkled ; skin thin, tough, smooth, pale yellow with 

 brownish-red blush which is conspicuously marked with 

 large irregular, areolar dots ; dots numerous, large and 

 small, often submerged ; calyx-tube wide, broadly 

 conical ; stamens median ; core large, abaxile ; cells un- 

 symmetrical, open ; core-lines meeting or clasping ; 

 carpels broad, narrowing toward base and apex, emargi- 

 nate, tufted ; seeds narrow, acute ; flesh white, coarse- 

 grained, crisp, tender, very juicy, brisk subacid ; good 

 to very good ; September to October. 



HOLLAND WINTER. Several apples 

 pass under the name Holland Winter. The 

 one which is supposed to have received the 

 name first, and which is here described, is very 

 similar to Rhode Island Greening. The fruits 

 of Holland Winter are not equal to those of 

 Rhode Island Greening in quality for either 

 dessert or culinary use, but keep better and 

 do not scald so badly in storage. The trees 

 are vigorous, healthy, fruitful and usually bear 

 annually. The variety is supposed to have 

 come from the Holland district of Lincoln- 

 shire, England, and is at least two hundred 



