42 



LONGFIELD 



MCAFEE 



carpels concave, elliptical, deeply emarginate, much 

 tufted ; seeds numerous, elongated, small, plump, obtuse, 

 much tufted, clinging to the carpels ; flesh yellow, firm, 

 fine, juicy, aromatic, subacid ; good ; January to April. 



LONGFIELD. English Pippin. Good 

 Peasant. Longfield is the best dessert fruit of 

 a hundred or more sorts imported from Russia, 

 though it falls below the average of the apples 

 of its nativity in several other characters. The 

 apples do not take high rank in the market 

 as they can be kept but for a short time after 

 harvesting, and their delicate color and tender 

 flesh bruise with the least roughness of touch. 

 Besides being excellent in quality, the apples 

 are handsome in appearance and very good 

 in cookery. The trees are extremely hardy, 

 and, though small in size, exceedingly pro- 

 ductive. It is a very good apple for home use 

 in all regions where hardiness is an important 

 factor. The variety was introduced from 

 Russia by the United States Department of 

 Agriculture in 1870, and is now widely grown 

 in the United States and Canada. 



Tree medium in size, round or spreading, dense, low, 

 with short, stout, crooked branches and drooping laterals 

 filled with small spurs. Fruit medium, uniform in size 

 and shape, round-conic, ribbed ; stem short, slender ; 

 cavity acuminate, deep, narrow, symmetrical, usually 

 russeted ; calyx small, leafy, closed or partly open ; lobes 

 long, narrow, acute ; basin small, shallow, narrow, 

 abrupt, furrowed and wrinkled ; skin thin, tender, 

 smooth, glossy, pale waxen-yellow with a lively blush 

 but not striped ; dots few, small, inconspicuous, white, 

 submerged; prevailing effect bright yellow blushed with 

 lively red ; calyx-tube narrow and elongated, often ex- 

 tending to the core ; stamens basal ; core medium, axile ; 

 cells symmetrical, not uniformly developed, closed or 

 partly open ; core-lines clasping the funnel cylinder ; 

 carpels round, emarginate ; seeds large, dark brown, 

 long, acute ; flesh white, fine, crisp, very tender, juicy, 

 subacid, sprightly, aromatic ; good to very good ; Sep- 

 tember to October. 



LOUISE. Princess Louise. Woolverton. 

 Louise is a seedling of Fameuse, from which it 

 differs in having fruits a little larger and much 

 less red in color, the red overlaying a very 

 yellow background with a lively blush, the 

 whole apple being overspread with soft bloom. 

 The tree is much the same as that of its par- 

 ent. Though at best very handsome, with a 

 distinctive flavor and aroma, in general the 

 fruits fall short of those of Fameuse and the 

 better-known Mclntosh of the same group. 

 Louise originated with L. Woolverton, Grimsby, 

 Ontario, about 1875, and is little known outside 

 of Canada. 



Tree medium in size, vigorous, upright-spreading, 

 dense, with long, slender branches and willowy laterals. 

 Fruit medium in size, uniform in size and shape, round 

 or round-oblate, often elliptical or obscurely angular, 

 sides often unequal ; stem red, long, slender ; cavity 

 obtuse, sometimes acuminate, shallow, broad, furrowed ; 

 calyx closed or slightly open ; basin shallow, narrow, 

 obtuse, lightly furrowed and wrinkled ; skin thin, tough, 

 pale yellow, with lively red blush, striped obscurely if 

 at all, overspread with thin bloom ; dots inconspicuous, 

 pale, submerged ; calyx-tube short, wide, conical ; 

 stamens median ; core large, abaxile ; cells symmetrical, 

 partly open ; core-lines meeting ; carpels elongated-ovate ; 

 seeds long, acute ; flesh white, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, 

 mild subacid, aromatic, with some of the perfume of 

 Mclntosh ; good to very good ; October to February or 

 later. 



LOWELL. Greasy Pippin. Tallow. Tallow 

 Pippin. Though now superseded by better 



sorts of its season, Lowell was a most impor- 

 tant variety in the apple orchards of a gen- 

 eration ago. It is preeminently an apple for 

 the home orchard, since it furnishes fruit for 

 dessert or cooking from late summer to early 

 winter. The flesh, while coarse, is pleasantly 

 flavored, and the large, bright-yellow apples, 

 with a most perceptible coating of wax, giving 

 rise to the expressive names Greasy Pippin 

 and Tallow Pippin, are very attractive in 

 appearance. Where and when it originated 

 is not known, but it has been under culti- 

 vation for at least a century and is gen- 

 erally distributed throughout the East and 

 North. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, open. Fruit 

 large, uniform in size but variable in shape, round- 

 oblong, conic, unsymmetrical, irregular ; stem long, 

 thick, deflected to one side ; cavity acute, shallow, 

 broad, often russeted ; calyx large, closed or partly 

 open ; basin shallow, medium in width, abrupt, often 

 furrowed and wrinkled ; skin thin, tender, smooth or 

 with occasional russet dots and flecks, waxy, rich yellow ; 

 dots numerous, inconspicuous, brown, russet or sub- 

 merged ; calyx-tube long, wide, conical ; stamens median ; 

 core large, axile to abaxile ; cells closed ; core-lines 

 meeting or clasping ; carpels obovate, emarginate ; seeds 

 dark brown, medium in size, obtuse ; flesh yellow, firm, 

 fine-grained, crisp, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid ; 

 good to very good ; August to October. 



LOWLAND RASPBERRY. Liveland. 

 Lowland Raspberry, more often known as 

 Liveland, is an early Russian apple very popu- 

 lar in the apple regions of the Great Plains. 

 The fruit is beautiful and of very good quality 

 for an early apple, surpassing all other Russian 

 apples in both appearance and quality, but the 

 skin is so tender that the fruit is suitable only 

 for home use and local market. The variety 

 was introduced from Russia about 1880. It is 

 described in the catalogs as follows: 



Tree vigorous, not large, upright, very hardy, produc- 

 tive. Fruit medium to large ; color waxen white, striped, 

 shaded and marbled with light carmine ; flesh white, 

 often stained with red, fine, very tender, pleasant, mild 

 subacid, almost sweet ; August or with Yellow Trans- 

 parent. 



McAFEE. McAfee Red. McAfee's None- 

 such. Striped Sweet Pippin. Winter Pippin. 

 This is an old sort, once very popular in the 

 South and parts of the Middle West, now 

 but little planted. The apples are well flav- 

 ored and attractive but rather too mild and 

 characterless in flavor. There are no remark- 

 able tree-characters. McAfee originated near 

 Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Elliott called atten- 

 tion to it in 1854. 



Tree medium in size, vigorous, spreading. Fruit 

 medium to large, round-oblate, regular ; stem short to 

 long ; cavity large, wide, acute, deep, gently furrowed, 

 often with thin outspreading russet ; calyx small, closed ; 

 basin shallow, narrow, sometimes broad, wrinkled and 

 gently furrowed ; skin thin, smooth, yellow faintly 

 washed with red and splashed and striped with carmine, 

 often marked at the base with thin, gray, mottled scarf- 

 skin and sometimes with fine, irregularly broken russet 

 lines ; dots minute, indented, gray or white with some 

 large and areolar ; prevailing effect striped-red ; calyx- 

 tube funnel-form ; stamens median to basal ; core abaxile, 

 round ; cells symmetrical, open ; core-lines clasping the 

 funnel cylinder ; carpels concave, tufted, broadly obo- 

 vate ; seeds numerous, large, long, wide, obtuse, dark ; 

 flesh yellow, coarse, breaking, tender, juicy, mild subacid ; 

 good to very good ; October to February. 



