46 



MOTHER 



NORTHERN SPY 



russet dots or with capillary russet lines which become 

 concentric tow'ard the calyx, green marbled with yellow 

 or pale yellow blushed with lively red ; dots variable, 

 numerous, green and areolar, with brown-russet points, 

 often elongated about the cavity ; calyx-tube large, 

 wide, conical, with fleshy pistil point projecting into the 

 base ; stamens median ; core small, abaxile with hollow 

 cylinder in the axis ; cells symmetrical and closed ; core- 

 lines meeting or clasping ; carpels round-obcordate, mu- 

 cronate, tufted ; seeds few, long, acute, tufted ; flesh 

 .yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, brisk subacid, 

 becoming mild, aromatic ; good to very good ; November 

 to February. 



MOTHER. Fig. 36. Mother is one of the 

 prized apples of old orchards, valued alike for 

 its handsome appearance and its tender, rich, 

 well-flavored flesh. It calls to mind the better- 



36. Mother. (XVa) 



known Esopus Spitzenburg, but it is not quite 

 so good an apple either for dessert or for 

 cookery, falling short in flavor and keeping 

 qualities. The trees are seldom satisfactory 

 and should be top-worked on a more vigorous 

 stock to obtain vigor and thrift. Mother was 

 described first in 1848 from Worcester County, 

 Massachusetts. It is very generally grown in 

 all apple regions. 



Tree small, slow grower, upright-spreading, open. 

 Fruit large, uniform in size and shape, round, round- 

 conic or oblong-ovate, obscurely and broadly ribbed ; 

 stem long, slender ; cavity acute, shallow, broad, often 

 russeted, sometimes furrowed, compressed or lipped ; 

 calyx small, closed or nearly so ; lobes narrow, acute ; 

 Tsasin shallow, narrow, abrupt, furrowed and wrinkled ; 

 skin thin, smooth, golden yellow covered with bright 

 deep red, marbled and striped with carmine ; dots in- 

 conspicuous, yellow, submerged ; calyx-tube long, funnel- 

 form with wide limb and narrow cylinder ; stamens 

 marginal ; core small, abaxile ; cells symmetrical, open 

 or partly so ; core-lines clasping ; carpels broad-ovate to 

 round, emarginate, mucronate ; seeds dark, plump, acute ; 

 flesh yellow, fine tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic ; 

 very good to best ; September to January. 



MUNSON SWEET. Meachem Sweet. 

 Orange Sweet. Munson is a sweet apple prom- 

 inent in New York and New England a genera- 

 tion ago but now disappearing. It is supposed 

 to have originated in Massachusetts early in 

 the eighteenth century and was first described 

 in 1849. 



Tree large, vigorous, spreading, dense. Fruit large, 

 round-oblate, often elliptical, ribbed ; stem short, thick ; 

 cavity large, acuminate, narrow, unsymmetrical, rus- 

 seted ; calyx closed ; lobes narrow, acute ; basin shallow 

 or very shallow, narrow, obtuse, furrowed, often un- 

 symmetrical ; skin thick, tough, separating readily from 

 ihe flesh, smooth, greenish-yellow often blushed ; calyx- 



tube funnel-shape with long cylinder ; stamens marginal ; 

 calyx closed or open ; core-lines clasping the cylinder ; 

 carpels round to elliptical, emarginate, tufted ; seeds 

 short, flat, obtuse, dark brown ; flesh yellow, fine-grained, 

 tender, juicy, sweet ; good to very good ; September to 

 December. 



NEWTOWN SPITZENBURG. English 

 Spitzenberg. Vandevere. Possibly this apple 

 is as well known under the na~ne "Vandevere" 

 as that here given it. This is not, however, the 

 true Vandevere, and neither must it be con- 

 founded with Esopus Spitzenburg. Once in 

 hand, the apples are most excellent crisp and 

 tender of flesh, and having a delectable, rich, 

 aromatic flavor. But the trees are so unreli- 

 able in growth and bearing and so fastidious 

 as to soils that the variety has no commercial 

 value. It originated in Newtown, Long Island, 

 and was first described in 1817. 



Tree medium to large, vigorous, spreading, dense, with 

 long, stout, curved branches. Fruit of medium size, 

 round-oblong or somewhat oblate, regular and uniform 

 in shape and size ; stem very short to long, slender, 

 pubescent ; cavity acute, deep, broad, indistinctly fur- 

 rowed, sometimes russeted ; calyx small, closed, some- 

 times partly open ; lobes broad, obtuse ; basin small, 

 wide, shallow to deep, furrowed ; skin smooth, tough, 

 deep yellow blushed and mottled with dull red, striped 

 with carmine, streaked with gray scarf-skin and over- 

 spread with light bloom ; dots characteristic, conspicu- 

 ous, very numerous, yellow, often with russet center, 

 small, very numerous and crowded about the basin but 

 less numerous, larger and irregular toward the cavity ; 

 calyx-tube cone-shape with short, truncate cylinder ; 

 stamens median ; core small, al>axile ; cells symmetrical 

 and partly open ; core-lines meeting or clasping ; carpels 

 smooth, elliptical ; seeds numerous, large, narrow, plump, 

 acute ; flesh yellow, firm, fine-grained, crisp, tender, 

 juicy, mild subacid, rich, aromatic ; very good in quality ; 

 November to March. 



NICKAJACK. Chatham Pippin. Missouri 

 Pippin. Missouri Red. Pound. Red Pippin. 

 Red Warrior. Winter Horse. This variety has 

 long been held in high esteem in the South. 

 The fruits keep remarkably well, but the qual- 

 ity is but second-rate ; and, as generally grown, 

 the apples are dull in color and unattractive. 

 A long season is necessary for the full devel- 

 opment of its fruit; therefore the variety can- 

 not be grown in the North. The trees are 

 vigorous and productive. The variety is sup- 

 posed to have originated near a stream of the 

 same name in Macon County, North Carolina, 

 and was first described in 1853. 



Tree large, very vigorous, upright-spreading. Fruit 

 medium to large, uniform in size and shape, round-conic 

 to round-oblate or rarely round-oblong, sides unequal, 

 axis often oblique ; stem short and thick ; cavity acumi- 

 nate, deep, broad, obscurely furrowed and partly cov- 

 ered with thin greenish-russet ; calyx rather large, 

 closed or open ; lobes short, broad, acute ; basin often 

 oblique, shallow, medium in width, obtuse to abrupt, 

 obscurely furrowed and wrinkled ; skin thick, tough, 

 smooth, glossy, yellow, mottled and shaded with orange- 

 red or red, irregularly splashed and streaked over the 

 base with scarf-skin and overspread with thin bloom ; 

 dots numerous, irregular in shape, very conspicuous, 

 pale or russet ; prevailing effect grayish-red ; calyx-tube 

 large, wide, short and urn-shaped or long funnel-form ; 

 stamens median ; core large, axile ; cells closed or partly 

 open ; core-lines clasping ; carpels concave, broadly-ovate 

 to round, tufted ; seeds light to dark brown, short and 

 wide, plump, acute, tufted ; flesh yellow, very firm, 

 coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid becoming nearly 

 sweet, aromatic ; good ; December to May. 



NORTHERN SPY. Fig. 37. Spy. De- 

 lectable quality, great beauty in color and 



