58 



SHIAWASSEE 



SOPS OF WINE 



Tree small, upright, spreading, open ; branches short, 

 stout. Fruit of medium size, uniform in shape and size, 

 round-oblate or round-conic, sometimes oblong-conic, 

 regular or very faintly ribbed, symmetrical ; stem short, 

 not exserted ; cavity large, acute, deep, wide, sometimes 

 furrowed and often russeted ; calyx small, closed or 

 partly open ; lobes long ; basin shallow, deep, wide, 

 abrupt, smooth or sometimes ridged or wrinkled ; skin 

 pale yellow with a bright blush ; dots minute, pale or 

 brown ; calyx-tube funnel-form ; stamens median to 

 basal ; core medium in size, abaxile ; cells open or 

 closed ; core-lines clasping ; carpels elliptical, emargi- 

 nate ; seeds large, long, flat, obtuse, dark ; flesh white, 

 firm, fine-grained, tender, crisp, juicy, mild subacid ; 

 very good ; late September into October. 



SHIAWASSEE. Shiawassee Beauty. This 

 is another Fameuse seedling, and one well de- 

 serving general recognition, were it not that 

 Mclntosh and Fameuse excel it in tree and 

 fruit. The apples have the merit of keeping 

 well and of adding variety in size, color, and 

 flavor to the winter supply of fruits. The 

 variety originated in the orchard of Beebe 

 Truesdell, Vernon, Michigan; it is little grown 

 except in the state of its nativity. Its merits 

 were first set forth in 1860. 



Tree of medium size, very hardy, vigorous, upright- 

 spreading, healthy and long-lived. Fruit medium to 

 large, uniform in shape but not in size, oblate-conic, 

 regular or sometimes elliptical ; stem medium in length, 

 slender ; cavity acute, deep, broad, symmetrical, some- 

 times compressed, often with outspreading russet rays ; 

 calyz small, closed ; lobes short, narrow ; basin shallow, 

 wide, obtuse, somewhat furrowed and wrinkled, often 

 compressed ; skin pale yellow, overspread with red, 

 irregularly splashed and striped with, carmine ; dots 

 small, gray ; calyx-tube wide, conical ; stamens median ; 

 core small, widely abaxile ; cells symmetrical, usually 

 open ; core-lines meeting ; carpels cordate ; flesh white, 

 fine, crisp, tender, juicy, pleasant subacid, aromatic, 

 sprightly ; good to very good ; October to January. 



SHOCKLEY. Sweet Romanite. This is 

 an old southern sort widely grown under sev- 

 eral names. Before cold storage became com- 

 mon, Shockley was a favorite variety because 

 of the long season of the fruits, which ripen in 

 October and keep until the following summer. 

 Its origin is not known, but it is reported as 

 having been long grown in Maryland. Catalogs 

 describe it as follows: 



Tree erect, vigorous, coming into bearing early and 

 very productive ; fruit of medium size, round-conical, 

 uniform in size and shape, yellow, with a bright crimson 

 cheek ; flesh firm, subacid or almost sweet, with a dis- 

 tinctive flavor ; quality fair to good ; October to May 

 or June. 



SMITH CIDER. Cider. Pennsylvania 

 Cider. This is an old-time favorite in Penn- 

 sylvania, Ohio, and Indiana, usually failing in 

 more northern regions, but now disappearing 

 because of poor fruit-characters. Except in 

 choice apple soils, the fruits do not attain 

 sufficient size, attractive color, or high quality. 

 The apples are not good enough for dessert, 

 but give satisfaction for culinary purposes and, 

 more particularly, for cider. The trees come 

 in bearing young and are usually productive. 

 The variety originated in Bucks County, Penn- 

 sylvania, and seems to have been first de- 

 scribed in 1817. 



Tree vigorous, tall, upright-spreading, open, with 

 long, stout, straggling branches. Fruit medium to large, 

 round-oblate, sometimes conic or oblong and truncate, 

 regular, axis often oblique, sides sometimes unequal ; 



stem short, slender ; cavity large, acute, deep, narrow, 

 often with outspreading russet rays ; calyx open or 

 sometimes closed ; lobes leafy, long, acute ; basin wide, 

 very shallow and obtuse to deep and abrupt, somewhat 

 furrowed and wrinkled ; skin thin, smooth or roughened 

 with capillary russet lines about the basin, glossy, pale 

 yellow mottled and shaded with red, splashed and striped 

 with carmine ; dots white or russet, often areolar, con- 

 spicuous ; prevailing effect bright red ; calyx-tube short 

 and obtusely cone-shape ; stamens median ; core large, 

 abaxile or nearly axile ; cells symmetrical, open or 

 closed ; core-lines meeting ; carpels thin, smooth, broadly 

 round or narrowing irregularly toward the apex, acumi- 

 nate, emarginate ; seeds numerous, wide, plump, obtuse, 

 dark ; flesh white, firm, fine-grained, crisp, tender, juicy, 

 subacid becoming mild subacid, aromatic, sprightly ; 

 good ; November to March. 



51. Smokehouse. (XV 2 ) 



SMOKEHOUSE. Fig. 51. English Van- 

 devere. Red Vandevere. When the characters 

 of Smokehouse are set forth, the variety seems 

 almost perfect; yet it is nowhere very popular 

 and it is being less and less planted. It is 

 passing out, probably, because the apples lack 

 high character in either flavor or appearance. 

 The trees are vigorous, hardy, healthy, pro- 

 ductive, come into bearing young, and hold 

 their crop well. The variety originated on the 

 farm of William Gibbons, Lancaster County, 

 Pennsylvania, and was first brought to notice 

 in 1848. 



Tree medium to large, vigorous, wide-spreading, dense ; 

 lateral branches willowy, slender. Fruit medium to 

 large, uniform in size and shape, round-oblate or oblate- 

 conic, regular, symmetrical ; stem medium to long, 

 slender ; cavity acute, deep, narrow, sometimes furrowed, 

 often thinly russeted ; calyx large, open ; lobes often 

 flat, convergent, separated at the base ; basin shallow, 

 wide, sometimes compressed, abrupt, wrinkled ; skin 

 thin, tough, smooth, or roughened with capillary russet 

 lines and russet dots ; color yellow mottled with dull 

 red, sometimes deepening to a solid red, indistinctly 

 mottled, striped and splashed with carmine ; dots con- 

 spicuous, irregular, gray or russet, becoming smaller 

 and more numerous about the basin ; prevailing effect 

 greenish-yellow, in highly-colored specimens red ; calyx- 

 tube wide, short, obtusely cone-shape ; stamens median ; 

 core small, axile ; cells symmetrical, closed or open ; 

 core-lines meeting ; carpels flat, broadly elliptical to 

 round or cordate, usually smooth ; seeds few, very dark, 

 large, narrow ; flesh yellow, firm, fine, crisp, tender, 

 juicy, mild subacid, delicately aromatic ; good ; October 

 to March. 



SNOW: See Fameuse. 



SOPS OF WINE. Bennington. Early 

 Washington. Strawberry. This is an old Eng- 

 lish dessert, culinary, and cider apple, known in 

 Europe since 1688, when it was described by 

 Ray, and grown in America for nearly two cen- 

 turies. The crimson apples are handsome, well- 



