STARK 



STREAKED PIPPIN 



59 



flavored, and have fine-grained flesh, which is 

 white stained with red. It is grown only on 

 the Atlantic seaboard and even there is rapidly 

 passing from cultivation. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright, dense. Fruit medium 

 to large, uniform in shape but not in size, round or 

 round-conic, ribbed, sides unequal ; stem short, slender ; 

 cavity acute, deep, narrow, sometimes furrowed, with 

 thin radiating russet rays ; calyx small, closed or slightly 

 open ; lobes short ; basin shallow, narrow, furrowed, 

 wrinkled ; skin thin, tender, roughened, greenish-yellow 

 overspread with purplish-red, mottled, irregularly splashed 

 and sometimes indistinctly striped with dark carmine, 

 overspread with thin bloom ; dots small, few, light 

 russet or yellow ; calyx-tube short, wide, cone-shape ; 

 stamens marginal ; core of medium size, abaxile ; cells 

 usually symmetrical but not uniformly developed, open ; 

 core-lines meeting ; carpels broad-ovate, concave, mu- 

 cronate, tufted ; seeds large, wide, plump, obtuse ; flesh 

 yellow often stained with pink, soft, fine, juicy, aromatic, 

 mild, pleasant subacid ; good ; August to October. 



STARK. Stark surpasses most of its or- 

 chard associates in all essential tree-characters 

 the trees being vigorous, hardy, healthy, pro- 

 ductive, and very accommodating as to soils. 

 The fruits are large, smooth, well-turned in 

 shape, uniform, and keep well, but are dull 

 and unattractive in color and not good enough 

 in quality for a dessert fruit, though well liked 

 for culinary purposes and prime favorites for 

 drying. The flesh is firm and the skin thick 

 and tough, qualities which make the crop de- 

 sirable for distant shipment. Stark is one of 

 the most cosmopolitan of all apples, thriving 

 wherever apples are generally grown on this 

 continent. The variety probably originated in 

 Ohio, having been described first in 1867 as 

 coming from that state. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, dense, with long, 

 strong branches. Fruit large, sometimes very large, 

 uniform in size and shape, round-conic, oblate or round- 

 ovate, sides sometimes unequal ; stem short, stout ; 

 cavity acuminate, deep, wide, sometimes furrowed, oc- 

 casionally lipped, sometimes russeted and with out- 

 spreading russet ; calyx large, closed or partly open ; 

 basin shallow, obtuse, wide, wrinkled ; skin smooth or 

 roughened with russet dots, pale yellow more or less 

 blushed and mottled with red and indistinctly striped 

 with darker red ; prevailing effect dull green and red, 

 in highly-colored specimens bright red ; calyx-tube wide, 

 truncate cone-shape with fleshy pistil point projecting 

 into the base ; stamens median ; core small, axile ; cells 

 uniform, symmetrical, closed or partly open ; core-lines 

 meeting ; carpels thin, tender, flat, broadly round to 

 obcordate, emarginate, mucronate, tufted ; seeds few, 

 long, acute, tufted ; flesh yellow, firm, fine, breaking, 

 tender, juicy, sprightly, mild subacid ; fair to good ; 

 November to April. 



STARR. The fruits of Starr are attractive 

 green or yellow, early, and well-flavored high 

 enough in quality for dessert. The crop ripens 

 at a season when competition is keen, and the 

 variety has, therefore, scarcely gone further 

 than its native state, New Jersey, where, ac- 

 cording to Downing, it appeared in 1865. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, dense, with short, 

 stout, curved branches. Fruit large, uniform in size 

 and shape, oblate or round-oblate, regular or faintly 

 ribbed ; stem short, thick, sometimes swollen ; cavity 

 acute, shallow, broad, smooth or gently furrowed ; calyx 

 closed ; lobes long, narrow ; basin medium in depth, 

 narrow, abrupt, furrowed ; skin thick, tough, smooth, 

 yellowish-green, sometimes with a faint blush ; dots 

 numerous, small and large, pale or russet ; calyx-tube 

 long, conical, large, extending to the core ; stamens 

 marginal ; core large, abaxile ; cells closed ; core-lines 

 clasping ; carpels obovate, sometimes tufted ; seeds dark 



brown, large, wide, plump, acute ; flesh yellow, fine, 

 tender, crisp, very juicy ; good to very good ; August 

 and September. 



STAYMAN. Fig. 52. Stayman Winesap. 

 Stayman is a seedling of Winesap, which it 

 much resembles in tree and fruit, but sur- 

 passes in several essentials; thus, the fruits 

 are larger and better-flavored; the trees are 

 more productive and adapted to a much wider 



52. Stayman. 



range of soil and climate. The apples fall 

 short in brilliancy of color, a defect which 

 lessens their popularity for the fancy-fruit 

 trade. The culture of Stayman Winesap is 

 limited to regions having a long season, for 

 in northern latitudes the apples fail to attain 

 perfection in size, color, or flavor. In the East, 

 south of New York and Michigan, it is one of 

 the most popular and valuable of all apples. 

 The variety was grown from seed of Winesap 

 planted in 1866 by Dr. J. Stayman, Leaven- 

 worth, Kansas. 



Tree vigorous, spreading, open. Fruit medium to 

 large, round-conic or globular, flattened at the base and 

 rounding toward the basin, sides sometimes unequal ; 

 stem short ; cavity large, acuminate, deep, often gently 

 furrowed, sometimes compressed, russeted, sometimes with 

 outspreading, broken, russet rays ; calyx small, closed ; 

 lobes long, acute ; basin small, sometimes oblique, shal- 

 low, narrow and obtuse to deep and abrupt, furrowed, 

 wrinkled ; skin smooth, thick, tough, yellow, often cov- 

 ered with dull red and indistinctly striped with carmine ; 

 dots light gray and russet, large ; calyx-tube cone-shape, 

 sometimes extending to the core ; stamens median ; core 

 small, abaxile ; cells symmetrical, closed or open ; core- 

 lines clasping the cylinder ; carpels thin, tender, concave, 

 elliptical, emarginate ; seeds usually long, obtuse, plump, 

 often abortive ; flesh yellow, firm, fine-grained, tender, 

 crisp, breaking, juicy, aromatic, sprightly, pleasant 

 subacid ; good to very good ; December to May. 



STREAKED PIPPIN. Hempstead. Quak- 

 er. Red Pippin. Streaked Pippin is character- 

 ized by the size and color of its fruit. The 

 apples are large, sometimes very large, pre- 

 dominantly yellow, but always distinctly 

 streaked with red. They rank from good to 

 very good in quality either for dessert or for 

 culinary purposes. The trees are satisfactory, 

 excepting that they ripen their crop unevenly 

 and do not hold it to maturity. The variety 

 originated at Westbury, Long Island, and was 

 first noticed in 1869. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, drooping, 

 dense. Fruit large, uniform in size and shape, round- 

 oblong or round-conic, often faintly ribbed, symmetrical ; 



