60 



STUMP 



SWAAR 



etem short to medium, slender to thick ; cavity acumi- 

 nate, narrow, often furrowed, occasionally compressed, 

 sometimes lipped, sometimes russeted ; calyx small, 

 closed or open ; lobes short, obtuse ; basin shallow, nar- 

 row, obtuse to wide and abrupt, often furrowed ; skin 

 thin, tough, smooth, covered with thin bloom which 

 gives a dull effect, predominantly yellow, mottled and 

 blushed with orange-red and distinctly striped with 

 carmine ; dots numerous and conspicuous, white or with 

 russet point, often areolar ; calyx-tube conical ; stamens 

 median ; core large, abaxile ; cells open or partly closed ; 

 core-lines clasping ; carpels very concave, broadly round- 

 ish or approaching elliptical, mucronate, tufted ; seeds 

 medium to large, plump, acute, tufted ; flesh yellow, firm, 

 coarse, breaking, tender, juicy, pleasant subacid, aro- 

 matic ; good to very good ; November to February. 



STUMP. Stump is so similar to the better- 

 known Chenango in tree and fruit, having no 

 qualities superior, that, though an excellent 

 apple, it can never attain high rank in the lists 

 of either home or commercial fruits. It 

 originated on the grounds of John Prue, Chili, 

 New York, and was first described in 1881. 



Tree vigorous, upright; branches long, stout, curved. 

 Fruit of medium size, uniform in size and shape, round- 

 conic or oblong-conic, regular or faintly ribbed, sides 

 sometimes unequal ; stem very short, variable in thick- 

 ness ; cavity acute, shallow, broad, unsymmetrical, fre- 

 quently furrowed, sometimes lipped, partly russeted ; 

 calyx small, open or closed ; lobes short, narrow, acute ; 

 basin shallow, narrow, abrupt; skin smooth, pale yellow 

 washed and mottled with pinkish-red, becoming deep 

 red in highly-colored specimens, indistinctly striped and 

 splashed with bright carmine ; dots numerous, large, 

 areolar with russet and white points ; prevailing effect 

 red and yellow ; calyx-tube broadly conical with fleshy 

 pistil point projecting into the base ; stamens basal ; 

 core large, usually abaxile ; cells open ; core-lines meet- 

 ing ; carpels elongated-ovate tapering toward base and 

 apex ; seeds dark brown, small, very wide, short, plump, 

 obtuse ; flesh white tinged with yellow, fine, tender, juicy, 

 rich, aromatic, sprightly, pleasant subacid ; very good ; 

 September and October. 



SUMMER QUEEN. Sweet Harvest. 

 Queen. Summer Queen is an old variety, at 

 one time rather largely grown in eastern 

 United States, but now seldom planted except 

 in the Pacific states, where it is still offered 

 by several nurserymen. It is of value only 

 for home use and local markets; the fruits 

 ripen over a long season and do not ship or 

 keep well. The variety seems to have been 

 first described in 1806. 



Tree lacking in vigor, rather small, spreading, pro- 

 ductive, bearing annually. Fruit medium to large, 

 round-conic, somewhat angular ; stem medium to long, 

 slender ; cavity narrow to wide, regular, deep ; calyx 

 large, open, or closed ; basin shallow or none, furrowed ; 

 skin yellow, striped, splashed and shaded with mixed 

 red ; dots small, yellow ; core medium in size with cells 

 open ; seeds numerous, acute, brown ; flesh whitish- 

 yellow, sometimes with a tinge of pink, firm, aromatic, 

 juicy, subacid ; quality good to very good for culinary 

 purposes ; August and September. 



SUMMER RAMBO. Rambour. Summer 

 Rambour. This apple is of the type of the 

 better-known Grosh, differing chiefly in ripen- 

 ing its crop about a month earlier. The variety 

 probably originated in France more than two 

 centuries ago, and has been grown in America 

 since 1800. It is now to be found, on this side 

 of the Atlantic, only in Ohio and states to the 

 West. 



Tree vigorous, upright-spreading, open. Fruit large 

 or very large, uniform in size and shape, oblate or round- 

 oblate, sometimes ovate, faintly ribbed, regular, sides 

 often unequal ; stem short, thick ; cavity acuminate, 



deep, broad, usually symmetrical, sometimes lipped, 

 sometimes russeted near the stem ; calyx large, closed 

 or sometimes open ; lobes short, narrow, acute ; basin 

 deep, wide, abrupt, smooth, symmetrical ; skin thick, 

 tough, smooth, yellow or greenish, in well-colored speci- 

 mens largely washed and mottled with red, conspicuously 

 marked with many broken stripes and splashes of car- 

 mine ; dots numerous, usually small and submerged, with 

 some large, brown or russet ; prevailing effect striped ; 

 calyx-tube medium in length, wide, broadly conical ; 

 stamens median ; core small, axile ; cells closed ; core- 

 lines meeting ; carpels round-ovate ; seeds frequently 

 abortive, or large, wide, plump, acute, dark brown ; flesh 

 yellow, firm, breaking, coarse, tender, very juicy, mild 

 subacid, somewhat aromatic ; good ; September to No- 

 vember. 



SUTTON. Morris Red. Sutton Beauty. 

 Few apples are more attractive in appearance 

 or better in taste than those of Sutton. In 

 consequence, the variety has been much sought 

 after, but plantations of it have usually proved 

 a failure because of weaknesses in the trees. 

 The trees are very capricious as to soils, bear 

 spasmodically, even individuals show irregu- 

 larities in bearing, often a branch producing 

 while the rest of the tree is barren; and, worse 

 than any other fault, Sutton takes longest of 

 all varieties to come into fruiting. The variety 

 has gone through its probationary period and 

 by common consent is a failure as a commer- 

 cial apple, but the uniform size, symmetrical 

 shape, and delectable quality of the fruit make 

 it a most desirable sort for the home orchard 

 and fancy-fruit market. The name commemo- 

 rates the town of Sutton, Massachusetts, in 

 which the variety originated some time previ- 

 ous to 1849. Sutton is chiefly grown in New 

 York and New England. 



Tree vigorous, upright, dense, with stout branches. 

 Leaves narrow, dark green. Fruit rarely large, uniform 

 in size and shape, round or oblong, rounding toward 

 cavity and basin, symmetrical, regular or very slightly 

 ribbed ; stem short, sometimes fleshy ; cavity acute, wide, 

 symmetrical, often with greenish-russet ; calyx partly 

 open, sometimes closed, pubescent ; lobes long, acuminate ; 

 basin shallow and obtuse to deep and abrupt, furrowed 

 and wrinkled, sometimes compressed ; skin thin, tough, 

 often roughened toward the basin by concentric russet 

 lines and fine russet dots, otherwise glossy and smooth, 

 bright red striped with carmine ; prevailing effect red ; 

 calyx-tube symmetrical, conical ; stamens median ; core 

 small, abaxile ; cells symmetrical, closed ; core-lines 

 clasping ; carpels broadly cordate, emarginate, sometimes 

 tufted ; seeds light brown, small, plump, acute, some- 

 times tufted ; flesh yellow, firm, fine-grained, crisp, 

 tender, juicy, mild subacid ; good to very good ; No- 

 vember to March. 



SWAAR. Swaar is distinguished by green- 

 ish-yellow fruits, covered with dots and flecks 

 of russet, which have heavy, aromatic flesh of 

 uncommonly rich flavor. The apples keep well 

 both in ordinary and cold storage. Though 

 the apples are comparatively unattractive, 

 the faults of the variety are chiefly those of 

 the trees, which are neither long-lived nor 

 hardy; suffer much from apple-canker; lack 

 vigor; are shy bearers; and lose a large part 

 of the crop as drops or culls. Swaar was early 

 produced by the Dutch settlers in the Hudson 

 River Valley, and has long been a favorite in 

 that region. 



Tree of medium size, vigorous, round to spreading, 

 dense ; branches inclined to droop. Fruit medium to 

 large, uniform in size and shape, round-oblate, often 

 ribbed, regular, symmetrical ; stem medium in length, 



