TOMPKINS KING 



TWENTY OUNCE 



63 



often russeted, obscurely furrowed ; calyx small, open or 

 closed ; lobes long and acuminate ; basin small, .often 

 oblique, shallow, abrupt, furrowed, wrinkled, sometimes 

 compressed ; skin tough, marked by a suture line ex- 

 tending from the cavity to the basin ; color pale yellow, 

 sometimes blushed ; dots inconspicuous ; capillary russet 

 lines over the surface, becoming heavier and concentric 

 at the basin ; calyx-tube urn-shape ; stamens basal ; core 

 small, axile ; cells symmetrical, closed ; core-lines clasp- 

 ing ; carpels flat, broadly round, emarginate, tufted ; 

 seeds wide, plump, acute, tufted ; flesh white, firm, fine, 

 dry, sweet ; good to very good ; October to March. 



TOMPKINS KING. Fig. 56. King. Win- 

 ter King. Tompkins King, commonly short- 

 ened to King, has few superiors on the score 

 either of beauty or quality of fruit ; accordingly, 



56. Tompkins King. 



it is one of the most widely planted apples in 

 home orchards, and in either home or foreign 

 market sells for a higher average than most 

 other standard apples. The fruits are a beauti- 

 ful red on a yellow background, handsomely 

 moulded, uniformly large and symmetrical; 

 while the flesh is rather coarse, it is crisp, 

 tender, juicy, aromatic, and richly flavored. 

 In common storage, King keeps until January, 

 and in cold storage two or three months later. 

 While the fruit is paramount, the trees are far 

 from being so; they lack in hardiness, healthi- 

 ness, longevity, and productiveness, so that 

 few varieties are harder to handle. King 

 thrives only in fertile, well-drained soils, and, 

 since at best there are many windfalls, it must 

 be sheltered from strong winds. Codlin-moth 

 takes heavy toll, but there is comparatively 

 little injury from apple-scab, though the trees 

 suffer much from apple-canker, sun-scald, and 

 collar-rot. Many recommend working King on 

 a more vigorous stock. The variety originated 

 in Warren County, New Jersey, whence, about 

 1804, it was brought to Tompkins County, New 

 York, and given its present name. It is widely 

 distributed throughout the North and East, but 

 is most commonly grown in New York, where 

 it ranks fourth in commercial importance. 



Tree vigorous, spreading, open ; lateral branches slen- 

 der and drooping. Fruit large to very large, uniform 

 in shape and size, round or oblate, sometimes conic, 

 regular or obscurely ribbed ; stem short to long, some- 

 times thick and swollen ; cavity large, obtuse, deep, 

 narrow, furrowed or wavy, occasionally lipped, often 

 russeted, sometimes with fine outspreading russet ; calyx 

 large, closed or open ; segments long, acuminate ; basin 



small, narrow, shallow, deep, abrupt, regular or ob- 

 scurely ridged and wrinkled ; skin smooth or roughened 

 with russet dots, yellow, mottled and washed with orange- 

 red, often shading to deep red, striped and splashed 

 with bright carmine ; dots numerous, conspicuous, white 

 or russet ; prevailing effect red over yellow ; calyx-tube 

 small, cone-shape ; stamens median ; core large, abaxile ; 

 cells symmetrical, closed or partly open ; core-lines 

 meeting ; carpels ovate or obovate, tufted, mucronate, 

 slightly emarginate if at all ; seeds few, large, long, 

 irregular, obtuse, often abortive, tufted ; flesh yellow, 

 coarse, crisp, tender, aromatic, juicy, subacid ; very 

 good to best ; October to April. 



TUFTS. Tufts Baldwin. Tufts Seedling. 

 This apple is of the Baldwin type; the fruits 

 are very similar in form, color, and size, but 

 differ somewhat in flavor, being much milder. 

 It is not so good a variety as Baldwin, but is 

 occasionally preferred, especially in New 

 England, where it is chiefly to be found. It 

 originated at Cambridge, Massachusetts, about 

 1830. 



Tree large, vigorous, spreading, flat, open. Fruit 

 large, uniform in size and shape, round or round-oblate, 

 sometimes with a broad protuberance above the cavity 

 on one side, often flattened at apex, broadly ribbed ; 

 stem long, slender ; cavity acute, medium in depth, 

 broad, often furrowed, usually with outspreading, irregu- 

 lar, greenish-russet rays ; calyx small, usually closed ; 

 basin shallow, wide, obtuse, wrinkled, ridged ; skin thin, 

 tough, smooth, green or yellow nearly covered with 

 bright, deep red, with indistinct stripes of purplish- 

 carmine ; dots inconspicuous, gray or russet ; calyx-tube 

 medium in length, conical ; stamens median ; core large, 

 axile ; cells closed or partly open ; core-lines clasping ; 

 carpels broadly round, often discolored, flat, emarginate ; 

 seeds few, not well developed, dark brown, large, long, 

 somewhat acute, tufted ; flesh yellow or greenish, firm, 

 coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid ; fair to good ; 

 October to December or January. 



TWENTY OUNCE. Fig. 57. Cayuga Red 

 Streak. Twenty Ounce Pippin. Twenty Ounce 

 is the standard fall apple for the market in 

 New England and the North Atlantic states, 

 its culture extending as far south as Maryland. 

 It continues to hold its place against all com- 

 petition by virtue of many excellences in 



57. Twenty Ounce. (Xy 2 ) 



fruit and tree. Thus, the apples are large, 

 handsomely colored with stripes and splashes 

 of red on a rich yellow background, and while 

 the quality is not good enough for a dessert 

 apple, the fruits are scarcely surpassed for 

 culinary uses. Furthermore, the apples are 

 uniform in size, color, and shape, and stand 

 handling rather better than any other fall 



