66 



WEALTHY 



WHITE PEARMAIN 



size, color, and quality as grown in different 

 localities a fatal fault for a market apple and 

 a serious one for a home variety. The tree is 

 vigorous, hardy, healthy, bears early, lives 

 long, is productive, and altogether very satis- 

 factory. The variety originated on the farm 

 of Job Whipple, Union Springs, New York, 

 and its fruit was first exhibited in 1849. Its 

 culture is confined to eastern New York and 

 nearby regions. 



Tree medium to large, vigorous, spreading, open. 

 Fruit medium to large, globular, conic, base rounding 

 or sometimes flattened, regular, sides often unequal ; 

 stem short, sometimes long, thick ; cavity acute, shallow, 

 narrow, occasionally lipped, often furrowed, thinly rus- 

 seted ; calyx large, open ; lobes separated and broad 

 at the base, narrow above, long, acute ; basin small, 

 narrow, abrupt, furrowed, wrinkled ; skin thin, tough, 

 smooth, waxy, yellow, washed and mottled with red, 

 conspicuously splashed and striped with carmine and 

 overspread with thin bloom ; dots numerous, russet or 

 white, conspicuous, often submerged ; prevailing effect 

 striped red ; calyx-tube large, wide, cone-shape ; stamens 

 basal ; core axile, sometimes abaxile ; cells not uniformly 

 developed, usually symmetrical, open, sometimes closed ; 

 core-lines meeting ; carpels ovate or broadly obcordate, 

 sometimes emarginate, often tufted ; seeds dark, long, 

 acute, often many are abortive ; flesh yellow, firm, fine, 

 crisp, tender, juicy, pleasant subacid, sprightly ; good to 

 very good ; from September to early winter. 



WEALTHY. Fig. 60. Wealthy is a stand- 

 ard American apple, indispensable in cold re- 

 gions and valuable wherever apples are grown 

 on this continent. Its good qualities are: the 

 fruits are handsome in appearance, color, size, 



60. Wealthy. (X%) 



and shape, in all of which they are uniform; 

 the quality, while not of the best, is good, the 

 flesh being especially crisp, juicy, and refresh- 

 ing; the fruits stand handling and storage; 

 the trees bear early and abundantly and at 

 first are thrifty and healthy. Faults are: the 

 trees fail in vigor as they reach maturity and 

 are never of large size; the apples run small 

 and uneven on old trees, and there is some 

 loss from dropping. Wealthy is an ideal apple 

 for planting as a filler among permanent trees. 

 The variety is especially well adapted to sandy 

 and gravelly soils. Wealthy originated from 

 seed of the Cherry Crab planted by Peter M. 

 Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota, about 1860. 



Tree dwarfish, vigorous, upright-spreading, open and 

 drooping, with short, stout, curved branches. Fruit 

 medium to large, uniform in shape, round-conic, slightly 

 flattened at base, regular, symmetrical ; stem short, long 

 on small fruit, slender ; cavity acuminate, deep, narrow, 

 russeted ; calyx closed or partly open ; lobes broad, 



obtuse ; basin narrow, abrupt, smooth, symmetrical ; 

 skin thin, pale yellow, blushed and marked with narrow 

 stripes and splashes of red, deepening to brilliant red ; 

 dots numerous, inconspicuous, pale or russet ; prevailing 

 effect bright red ; calyx-tube conical ; stamens median ; 

 core small, axile or sometimes abaxile ; cells symmetrical, 

 open ; core-lines clasping ; carpels small, round, nar- 

 rowing toward base and apex, smooth, flat ; seeds dark 

 brown, acute ; flesh white, sometimes stained with red, 

 fine, crisp, tender, very juicy, agreeable subacid, 

 sprightly, aromatic ; good to very good ; October to 

 January. 



WESTFIELD Connecticut Seek-no-fur- 

 ther. Russet Seek-no-further. Westfield Seek- 

 no-further. Westfield or Seek-no-further is 

 an old favorite distinguished by its dessert 

 fruits of a full rich flavor and a pleasing aroma. 

 The apples are not remarkable for size, color, 

 or form, though not unattractive, especially in 

 the creamy yellow color striped with red and 

 spotted with russet. The trees are exception- 

 ally hardy, vigorous, and long-lived, but are 

 productive only on certain soils, the choice 

 being warm, well-drained, fertile, sandy or 

 gravelly loams. The variety is said to have 

 originated at Westfield, Massachusetts, and was 

 under cultivation as early, at least, as the 

 Revolutionary War. The variety is well 

 known in New England, New York, Ohio, and 

 Michigan. 



Tree medium to large, slender, vigorous, spreading or 

 roundish. Fruit medium, sometimes large, uniform, 

 round-conical, less often oblong-conical, obscurely ribbed, 

 symmetrical ; stem long, slender ; cavity acuminate, deep, 

 narrow, symmetrical, russeted with green- or yellow-rus- 

 set ; calyx small, partly open ; lobes short, reflexed, 

 obtuse ; basin small, shallow, narrow, obtuse ; skin 

 tough, smooth, deep yellow, splashed with dull red, in 

 highly-colored specimens overspread with bright red, 

 striped with carmine ; bloom thin ; dots characteristically 

 large, pale yellow, gray or russet, often areolar with 

 russet center ; calyx-tube wide, cone-shape ; stamens 

 basal ; core medium, axile ; cells symmetrical, open ; 

 core-lines meeting ; carpels elliptical or round and some- 

 what truncate at the base, narrowing toward the apex, 

 mucronate ; seeds numerous, small, plump, acute ; flesh 

 pale yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, tender, breaking, juicy, 

 mild subacid, rich, peculiarly aromatic, sprightly ; very 

 good to best ; October to March. 



WHITE ASTRACHAN. This is a Rus- 

 sian apple similar in tree-characters to the 

 well-known Red Astrachan, but quite differ- 

 ent in fruit. It is offered by several nursery- 

 men in the Pacific states, but seems not to be 

 grown east of the Rocky Mountains. The 

 variety is a favorite in the Yolo district of 

 California and in the valley and foot-hill re- 

 gions in central coast counties. White Astra- 

 chan is an old European sort, known under 

 many names in Europe, which has been more 

 or less grown in the United States for nearly 

 one hundred years. The only descriptions to 

 be found are brief ones in the old fruit-books 

 from which the following is compiled: 



Tree very hardy, rather compact, vigorous, fairly pro- 

 ductive ; somewhat subject to blight. Fruit medium to 

 large, round or round-oblate, waxen-yellow or whitish, 

 with faint streaks of red and sometimes with a pink 

 blush ; flesh white, acid, highly prized for culinary 

 purposes ; August and September. 



WHITE PEARMAIN. White Winter 

 Pearmain. White Pearmain, possibly better 

 known as White Winter Pearmain, was one of 

 the highly prized possessions of the pioneers 



