WHITE PIPPIN 



WINDSOR 



67 



of Ohio and Indiana, having been brought to 

 these states as grafts in the days of saddle-bag 

 transportation. It is thought to be an old 

 sort renamed, but what it is no one knows. 

 The apples are very good to best in quality, a 

 little too mild for culinary uses, not particu- 

 larly attractive in appearance, neither shape 

 nor color appealing to the eye. Its cultivation 

 is largely confined to the states mentioned, 

 though it has been somewhat planted in the 

 Far West. 



Tree vigorous, spreading. Fruit medium to large, 

 uniform in size, round-oblate, round or oblong-conic, 

 ribbed, symmetrical ; stem medium to long ; cavity 

 small, acute, deep, narrow, furrowed, sometimes rus- 

 seted ; calyx large, usually closed ; lobes long, acute ; 

 basin small, oblique, shallow, obtuse, often distinctly 

 furrowed, wrinkled, pubescent ; skin tough, smooth, 

 waxen, pale yellow, with a shade of brownish-red ; dots 

 numerous, pale or russet, often submerged, usually large 

 and much elongated about the cavity ; calyx-tube long, 

 conical ; core medium to large ; cells closed or partly 

 open ; core-lines clasping ; carpels flat, broad or round- 

 cordate, emarginate, mucronate, tufted ; seeds light 

 brown, large, wide, plump, obtuse, tufted ; flesh yellow, 

 firm, fine-grained, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, 

 sprightly, pleasantly aromatic ; good to best ; December 

 to March. 



WHITE PIPPIN. Canada Pippin. Be- 

 cause of similarity in color and in having an 

 oblique axis, fruits of this variety are often 

 confounded with those of Green Newtown 

 Pippin, but here the similarities end; for, in 

 flesh and flavor, the last-named apple is much 

 superior, while in tree-character White Pippin 

 is usually the better. The fruits of White 

 Pippin are larger, and the blush is not so well 

 marked, nor do they keep so long. The apples 

 are yellow with a sprightly, subacid, very good 

 flavor, keeping until February in ordinary 

 storage. The trees are thrifty, bear young, 

 are hardy and healthy, and yield large crops 

 almost annually. The variety is gradually 

 passing out of cultivation, though it would 

 seem to be too good to be wholly lost. Its 

 origin is not known, but since the fruits were 

 described from old trees in 1848, it must be 

 more than a century old. It is most commonly 

 grown in New York and New England. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, dense. Fruit 

 medium to large, uniform in size and shape, round or 

 round-oblate, irregular or angular, sometimes symmetri- 

 cal ; stem short ; cavity large, acute, deep, narrow, often 

 wavy, sometimes lipped, partly russeted and often with 

 a strip of russet extending out on one side ; calyx small, 

 closed or partly open ; lobes long, narrow, acuminate ; 

 basin small, shallow, narrow, abrupt, usually furrowed 

 and wrinkled ; skin pale yellow, sometimes blushed, 

 mottled and striped with thin brownish-red ; dots small, 

 characteristically white and submerged, or green with 

 fine russet point, scattering, large, irregular and russeted 

 toward the cavity ; prevailing effect yellow ; calyx-tube 

 long, narrow, elongated conical ; stamens median ; core 

 small, abaxile with hollow cylinder in the axis ; cells not 

 uniformly developed but usually symmetrical, closed or 

 open ; core-lines clasping ; carpels round to ovate or 

 elongated and narrow, sometimes emarginate, tufted ; 

 seeds small, plump, narrow, elongated, acuminate, brown 

 to dark brown ; flesh yellow, firm, fine-grained, tender, 

 crisp, juicy, sprightly subacid ; good or very good ; 

 November to April. 



WILLIAMS. Lady's Apple. Queen. Wil- 

 liams Early. Williams Red. Beautiful bright 

 red color and rich, agreeable flavor characterize 

 the fruits of Williams. As with so many of 



the tender-fleshed dessert apples, the fruits do 

 not stand shipping well and cannot be kept 

 long. Ordinarily, the apples are large, but 

 with a heavy crop many of them may be 

 small and uneven in size, and they ripen so 

 unevenly that more than one picking is re- 

 quired. The trees are only moderately vig- 

 orous, but are healthful and fruitful. Wil- 

 liams originated in Roxbury, Massachusetts, 

 about 1750, and for a century and a half has 

 been a favorite in New England and the Mid- 

 dle Atlantic states. 



Tree small, upright-spreading, dense. Fruit medium 

 or large, uniform in size and shape, oblong-conic or 

 round-conic, broadly ribbed, sides often unequal ; stem 

 medium to long, thick ; cavity obtuse, shallow, broad 

 furrowed, so"metimes russeted ; calyx usually closed 

 lobes long ; basin shallow, narrow, abrupt, furrowed 

 skin thick, tender, smooth, pale yellow overlaid with 

 bright, deep red, striped with dark red ; dots numerous 

 inconspicuous, gray or russet ; calyx-tube long, narrow 

 funnel-shape, sometimes extending to the core ; stamens 

 marginal ; core large, axile ; cells closed ; core-lines 

 clasping ; carpels ovate ; seeds narrow, long, plump, 

 acute, dark brown ; flesh white sometimes tinged with 

 red, firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, becoming dry 

 when overripe, pleasant mild subacid, aromatic ; good ; 

 August and September. 



WILLOW TWIG. Willow Leaf. Willow. 

 Once seen, the tree of this variety can always 

 be recognized by its slender drooping twigs. 

 The tree is further characterized by strong, 

 vigorous, healthy growth, early bearing, and 

 productiveness. Despite the fact that the 

 variety is of value only in the South, the tree 

 is comparatively hardy. The crop requires 

 a long and warm season for full development. 

 The apples are large, symmetrical, shapely, 

 with dull red as the prevailing color not at 

 all striking in appearance. Nor would the 

 quality of the apples attract attention, the flesh 

 being coarse and the flavor but fairly good. 

 The character by virtue of which Willow Twig 

 has gained eminence in the Central Mississippi 

 Valley, where it is chiefly grown, is length of 

 season, as few apples keep longer. The origin 

 of the variety is not known, but probably it is 

 an old sort brought to new life in Ohio about 

 1848. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading with terminals 

 drooping. Fruit large, round-conic, sometimes round- 

 oblate, regular or faintly ribbed, symmetrical ; stem 

 short ; cavity acute, deep, wide, often irregular or com- 

 pressed, sometimes lipped, smooth, green or red, with 

 pale dots sometimes thinly russeted ; calyx small, 

 closed ; basin wide, irregular or compressed, deep, often 

 abrupt, sometimes ridged, wrinkled ; skin smooth, pale 

 yellow or dull green, mottled and blushed with red and 

 irregularly striped and splashed with deeper red ; dots 

 numerous, large, russet-gray or yellow ; prevailing color 

 dull red ; calyx-tube long, narrow, funnel-shape ; stamens 



carpels thin, flat, broadly round, narrowing toward the 

 base ; seeds large, flat, wide, plump, blunt ; flesh yellow, 

 firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, sprightly, aromatic ; 

 fair to good ; January to May. 



WINDSOR. Fig. 61. Windsor Chief. 

 Windsor has recently come to the notice of 

 northern apple-growers because it is endowed 

 with a constitution which enables it to stand 

 rigorous climates. The trees come into bearing 

 early, bear regularly and heavily, and hold 

 their crop well. The apples are somewhat 



