WINTERSTEIN 



YELLOW BELLFLOWER 



69 



russeted ; calyx small, partly open or sometimes closed ; 

 lobes convergent or connivent, short, obtuse ; basin small, 

 often oblique, shallow, narrow or sometimes wide, obtuse, 

 furrowed and wrinkled ; skin smooth, thick, tough, 

 waxy, pale yellow, often with a blush which in well- 

 colored specimens deepens to dark red ; often a suture 

 line extends from the basin to the cavity ; dots numerous, 

 white and submerged or with fine russet point ; pre- 

 vailing effect yellow ; calyx-tube wide above, short, cone- 

 shape ; stamens median ; core small, abaxile ; cells not 

 uniformly developed, usually symmetrical and open, 

 sometimes closed ; core-lines clasping ; carpels elongated- 

 ovate, narrow, emarginate, tufted ; seeds often abortive, 

 small to large and more or less irregular, obtuse, dull, 

 dark brown, sometimes tufted ; flesh pale yellow, firm, 

 coarse, crisp, tender, juicy., mild subacid, aromatic ; good 

 to very good ; October to March. 



WINTERSTEIN. Winterstein is a seed- 

 ling of Gravenstein, which it resembles in 

 fruit and tree, but the fruit keeps much long- 

 er as long as that of Baldwin. The variety is 

 favorably spoken of in the Pacific states, but 

 seems to be little grown east of the Rocky 

 Mountains. Winterstein originated with 

 Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California, about 

 1898. 



Tree upright, vigorous, hardy, fairly productive, bear- 

 ing every year in the West. Fruit medium to large, not 

 uniform, oblate or round-oblate, slightly ribbed, sides 

 unequal ; stem long, slender ; cavity obtuse, narrow, 

 smooth, compressed ; calyx open, medium size ; basin 

 medium, narrow, obtuse, furrowed ; skin greenish-yellow 

 overlaid with dull red stripes and splashes of deeper red ; 

 dots medium in size, scattered and russet ; core medium 

 size, closed, axile ; core-lines meeting ; calyx-tube short, 

 wide, conical ; flesh yellowish-white, firm, fine, crisp, 

 tender, juicy, subacid, sprightly ; good for culinary 

 purposes ; November to April. 



WINTER SWEET PARADISE. Win- 

 ter Paradise. Honey Sweet. Paradise Winter. 

 Seldom found in orchards, this old variety is 

 still offered by nurserymen. It is doubtful 

 whether it has characters sufficiently good to 

 make its cultivation worth while. It origi- 

 nated with a Mr. Garber, Columbia, Pennsyl- 

 vania, nearly a century ago. The tree is de- 

 scribed as vigorous, upright, very productive, 

 but not an early bearer. The fruit is large, 

 round, oblate, dull green with a reddish-brown 

 blush. The flesh is fine-grained, juicy, and 

 sweet. The season is early winter and mid- 

 winter. 



WISMER. Wismer's Dessert. This apple, 

 of Canadian origin, seems to be little grown in 

 Canada or the East, but is listed by several 

 western nurserymen. According to all reports, 

 it might well be tried out in eastern apple- 

 growing regions, its merits being hardiness of 

 tree, productiveness, and handsome appearance 

 and good flavor of the fruit. In color of fruit, 

 it is said to resemble Esopus Spitzenburg. 

 The variety originated with J. H. Wismer, 

 Port Elgin, Ontario, in 1897. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, round-topped, 

 productive. Fruit medium to large, oblong-conic, some- 

 times oblique, strongly ribbed ; stem long, slender ; 

 cavity acute, deep, slightly russeted, sometimes furrowed ; 

 calyx small, closed ; basin rather deep, wide, abrupt, 

 furrowed and wrinkled ; skin thin, tender, smooth, waxen, 

 pale yellow overspread with stripes and splashes of 

 carmine ; dots large, numerous, conspicuous, russet ; 

 core very large, open, abaxile ; core-line clasping ; calyx- 

 tube long, wide, conical ; seeds medium, wide, obtuse ; 

 flesh yellow, firm, crisp, rather dry, mild subacid, aro- 

 matic ; good ; November to April. 



WOLF RIVER. Fig. 63. Wolf River is 

 of note chiefly for its very large apples. The 

 fruits resemble those of the better-known and 

 more desirable Alexander in color, shape, and 

 quality; but average larger and are rounder 

 and less conical. The tree is very hardy and 



63. Wolf River. (X%) 



thrifty, but is only moderately productive. In 

 the West, many prefer tree and fruit to the 

 Alexander not so in the East. The variety 

 originated on the farm of W. A. Springer, Wolf 

 River, Wisconsin, and was first described in 

 1875. 



Tree large, vigorous, spreading, open, drooping. Fruit 

 very large, uniform in size and shape, broad and flat 

 at the base, conic or round, often irregular ; stem short, 

 thick, not exserted ; cavity acuminate, deep, wide, 

 heavily russeted ; calyx large, open or closed ; basin deep, 

 narrow, abrupt, usually smooth, broadly furrowed ; skin 

 thick, pale yellow, mottled and blushed with bright, deep 

 red and marked with conspicuous splashes and broad 

 stripes of bright carmine ; dots numerous, large, areolar, 

 depressed, pale or russet ; calyx-tube conical ; stamens 

 median ; core large, abaxile ; cells closed or partly open ; 

 core-lines clasping ; carpels broadly cordate, emarginate, 

 tufted ; seeds dark brown, wide, short, plump, obtuse ; 

 flesh white tinged with yellow, firm, coarse, tender, juicy, 

 subacid, aromatic ; fair to good ; September to De- 

 cember. 



YATES. It is almost impossible properly 

 to place this variety. Some writers maintain 

 that it is identical with the old Nickajack, 

 which, in the South, has many synonyms. 

 Southern catalogs which describe Yates agree 

 only that the variety is a favorite in Georgia; 

 that it probably formerly came from there ; 

 and that the apples are of small size, dark red 

 with white dots, firm, juicy, and aromatic. 

 The trees are described as vigorous, healthy, 

 and heavy bearers. From the fact that it is 

 listed by nearly all southern nurserymen, it 

 would seem that Yates is still popular in many 

 parts of the South. 



YELLOW BELLFLOWER. Fig. 64. 

 Beilflower. Lady Washington. Lincoln Pippin. 

 Yellow Beilflower is distinguished by its unique 

 fruits. The apples are oblong-conic with very 

 prominent ridges at the apex, and with a 

 smooth, delicate, pale, lemon-yellow, waxen 

 skin usually beautifully blushed on the cheek 

 to the sun. The fruits are not suitable for 

 dessert, the flavor being a little too austere, 



