SUMMER DOYENNE 



URBANISTE 



103 



seed planted by Thomas Constant in 1820, in 

 Sangamon County, Illinois. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, open-topped, 

 hardy, productive ; trunk stocky, shaggy ; branches 

 thick, smooth, dull reddish-brown, sprinkled with nu- 

 merous large, raised lenticels. Leaves 3 inches long, 1% 

 inches wide, thin, velvety ; apex taper-pointed ; margin 

 glandless, finely serrate ; petiole 2 inches long, slender, 

 tinged red, glabrous. Flowers late, 1% inches across, 

 in dense clusters, average 8 buds in a cluster. Fruit 

 ripe in late September-October ; medium or below in 

 size, 2*4 inches long, 2% inches wide, roundish-oblate, 

 slightly conical toward the apex ; stem % inch long, 

 slender ; cavity acute, deep, narrow, smooth, sometimes 

 lipped ; apex large, open ; lobes separated at the base, 

 long, acute ; basin very shallow, narrow, obtuse, occa- 

 sionally wrinkled ; skin thin, tough, smooth, dull ; color 

 light green, without blush ; dots very small, russet or 

 greenish, very obscure ; flesh greenish-white, firm, crisp, 

 rather dry, subacid ; quality medium to poor ; core large, 

 closed, axile, with meeting core-lines ; calyx wide, 

 conical ; carpels ovate ; seeds variable in size, wide, flat, 

 obtuse. 



SUMMER DOYENNE. The extremely 

 early and highly flavored fruits, which are 

 borne in prodigious quantities, make this a 

 very desirable pear for the home garden. The 

 fruits have no value for the markets as they 

 are small, do not keep well, and are unattrac- 

 tive. The tree is of medium size, comes in 

 bearing early, is hardy, and is as free as most 

 of its orchard associates from blight. Both 

 fruit and foliage suffer badly from pear-scab, 

 and no amount of spraying can give the fruits 

 a fair cheek in season when this fungus is 

 epidemic. Van Mons, the great Belgian pear- 

 breeder, is supposed to have originated this 

 variety; Diel mentioned it among his best 

 pears in 1812. 



Tree variable in size, upright, vigorous, productive ; 

 trunk slender ; brunches slender, zigzag, brownish, 

 marked with numerous conspicuous lenticels. Leaves 

 2 % inches long, 1 % inches wide, thin, leathery ; apex 

 taper-pointed; margin finely serrate; petiole 1% inches 

 long, tinged with pink. Flowers showy, l 1 ^ inches 

 across, in dense clusters, 7 or 9 buds in a cluster. Fruit 

 ripe in early August; small, 1% inches long, 1% inches 

 wide, obovate-obtuse-pyriform, symmetrical; stem 1% 

 inches long, slender ; cavity obtuse, shallow, narrow, 

 slightly furrowed, often lipped ; calyx small, closed ; 

 lobes separated at the base, short, narrow, acuminate ; 

 basin shallow, obtuse, furrowed ; skin thin, smooth, 

 tender, waxen, yellow, blushed with bright red, deepen- 

 ing on the exposed cheek to crimson ; dots numerous, 

 small, russet, obscure ; flesh tinged with yellow, fine- 

 grained, tender and melting, juicy, variable in flavor 

 and quality, pleasantly sprightly under favorable con- 

 ditions ; quality variable, good under the best conditions ; 

 core closed, axile, with clasping core-lines ; calyx-tube 

 short, narrow, urn-shaped ; carpels roundish-ovate ; seeds 

 small, narrow, flat, acute. 



SUPERFIN: See Beurre Superfin. 



TYSON. Fig. 97. Tyson competes with 

 Clapp Favorite as the precursor of the pear 

 season which is really opened by Bartlett. In 

 every character of fruit and tree excepting size 

 and color of fruit, Tyson excels Clapp Favorite. 

 The flesh is melting and juicy with a spicy 

 scented sweetness that gives the fruits the 

 charm of individuality. The pears keep longer 

 and ship better than those of Clapp Favorite, 

 their season in New York being from the mid- 

 dle of August to the middle of September. 

 Unfortunately, the pears are but medium in 

 size, and are often poorly colored. The tree 



is the most nearly perfect of that of any pear 

 grown in America the Kieffer, praiseworthy 

 only in its tree, not excepted. It is certainly 

 as hardy as that of any other variety if not 

 hardier, and resists better than that of any 

 other sort the black scourge of blight. Add to 



97. Tyson. (XV 2 ) 



these notable characters, large size, great vigor 

 and fruitfulness, and it is seen that the trees 

 are nearly flawless. Tyson is the best pear of 

 its season for the home orchard, and has much 

 merit for commercial orchards. Were the fruit 

 larger, it would rival Bartlett for the markets. 

 Tyson is a seedling found about 1794 on the 

 land of Jonathan Tyson, Jenkintown, Pennsyl- 

 vania. 



Tree very large, vigorous, upright-spreading, tall, 

 dense-topped, hardy, productive ; trunk very stocky, 

 rough ; branches thick, dull reddish-brown, with few 

 lenticels. Leaves 2% inches long, 1% inches wide, thin; 

 apex abruptly pointed ; margin finely and shallowly 

 serrate ; petiole 1 % inches long. Flowers medium in 

 season of bloom. Fruit matures in late August ; medium 

 in size although somewhat variable, 2% inches long, 

 1% inches wide, roundish-acute-pyriform, with unequal 

 sides ; stem 1 % inches long, curved ; cavity very shal- 

 low, obtuse, roughened, usually drawing up as a lip 

 about the base of the stem ; calyx open ; small ; lobes 

 separated at the base, short, narrow, acute ; basin 

 shallow, narrow, flaring, slightly furrowed, compressed ; 

 skin tough, smooth, slightly russeted, dull ; color deep 

 yellow, usually without blush ; dots numerous, very 

 small, obscure ; flesh tinged with yellow, granular 

 around the basin, otherwise rather fine-grained, tender 

 and melting, very juicy, sweet, aromatic ; quality very 

 good ; core small, closed, with clasping core-lines ; calyx- 

 tube short, wide, conical ; seeds medium in size and 

 width, plump, acute. 



URBANISTE. Urbaniste is desirable for 

 home use because of its highly flavored fruits 

 so sweet, rich, perfumed, and luscious as to 

 be a natural sweetmeat. The fruits are of but 

 medium size and are not handsome. The flesh 

 is as tender, sweet, juicy, and as delicately per- 

 fumed as that of Seckel or White Doyenne, 

 with a distinct flavor and scent which give the 

 fruits the added charm of individuality. The 

 crop ripens in October, in a season when there 

 are many other pears, but the fruits stand com- 

 parison with those of any other variety and 

 are welcome additions to the fruit-basket. The 

 trees have several defects, chief of which is 



