BUNTE AMARELLE 



CENTENNIAL 



the two-year-old wood are very small, and 

 the fruit-stems bear a small leaflet at their 

 base. These leaflets on the fruit-stem would 

 have to be removed in mar- 

 keting the crop another 

 serious defect. No doubt 

 Brusseler Braune originated 

 more than a hundred years 

 ago in Holland. 



Tree of medium size, vigorous, 

 upright-spreading but with droop- 

 ing branchlets, dense, round- 

 topped, unproductive. Leaves S 1 /^ 

 inches long, 1% inches wide, obo- 

 vate, thick, grooved along the 

 midrib ; margin finely and doubly 

 serrate ; petiole 1 inch long, with 

 1-4 small, globose, yellowish- 

 green glands. Flowers late, 1 

 inch across, white ; borne in scat- 

 tering clusters in threes and fours. 

 Fruit very late ; 1 inch in diam- 

 eter, variable in size, round-cor- 

 date, compressed ; cavity of medi- 

 um depth, marrow, abrupt ; suture 

 very shallow, indistinct ; apex 

 rounded, with a small depression 

 at the center ; color light red 

 changing to dark red as the sea- 

 son advances ; dots numerous, 

 small, dark russet, inconspicuous ; 

 stem 2% inches long, with small 

 leaflets at the base, strongly ad- 

 herent to the fruit ; skin thin, ten- 

 117. Brusseler der, separates readily from the 



Braune. P U ^P > ^ e ^ dark re ^' w ' tn dark- 



/>.xi\' colored juice, tender and melting, 



V A A / somewhat astringent, sour ; of fair 



quality ; stone nearly free when 



fully mature, round-oval, plump, blunt-pointed ; surfaces 



smooth. 



BUNTE AMARELLE. P. Cerasus. So 

 far, Bunte Amarelle has found a place only 

 in the trying climate of Iowa and neighboring 

 states. The fruit is not attractive enough in 

 appearance nor good enough in quality; nor 

 is the tree certain and fruitful enough in bear- 

 ing to compete with other Amarelles. The 

 saving grace of Bunte Amarelle is extreme 

 hardiness of tree; this with vigor and health, 

 makes it desirable in the cold prairie regions 

 of the Great Plains, where cherry-growing is 

 more or less precarious. The variety probably 

 originated in Germany in the latter part of 

 the eighteenth century. 



Tree vigorous, hardy ; foliage large, coarse. Fruit 

 matures the second week in June ; medium to large, 

 roundish, flattened at the base ; cavity variable in 

 depth ; suture shallow, indistinct ; apex depressed ; color 

 yellow overspread with light red ; stem green, straight, 

 slender, l%-2 inches long; flesh slightly colored, juicy, 

 firm but tender, pleasantly subacid ; very good in qual- 

 ity ; stone variable in size, broad. 



BURBANK. P. avium. Burbank Early. 

 This is a comparatively new cherry from 

 Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California. The 

 variety has been generally tested in California, 

 and all agree that it has some commercial 

 value. As yet, Burbank is on probation in 

 the East. The large leaves protect the fruit 

 from birds, and keep it from cracking in late 

 spring rains. Burbank was introduced by its 

 originator in 1911. 



The variety is described as having vigorous trees, 

 which are certain in bearing, erect in habit and bear 



very large leaves. The fruit is said to be very early, 

 large, yellow with red cheek in the sun ; flesh yellow, 

 firm, very sweet ; quality good to best ; pit very small 

 and clinging somewhat. 



CARNATION. Fig. 118. P. Cerasus. Car- 

 nation is one of the Amarelles, similar to 

 Montmorency except in color of fruit, in which 

 character it is more pleasing 

 than the better-known sort. 

 The stone separates from 

 the pulp very readily, leav- 

 ing the flesh unusually 

 bright and clean. Because of 

 their sprightly refreshing 

 flavor, the cherries are 

 pleasing to the palate, as 

 well as attractive to the 

 eye. Unfortunately the trees 

 are but moderately vigorous 

 and fruitful, and these qual- 

 ities count so heavily 

 against it as a commercial 

 cherry that Carnation can- 

 not be more than a fruit 

 for amateurs unless under 

 exceptional conditions. Car- 

 nation is another of the 

 choicely good, old cherries, 

 being first mentioned in 

 England by John Rea in 

 1676. 



118. Carna- 

 tion. (XD 



Tree medium in size, spreading, becoming drooping, 

 not very productive. Leaves very numerous, 4 inches 

 long, 2 inches wide, folded upward, oval to obovate, 

 thin ; apex acute ; margin finely and doubly serrate, 

 glandular ; petiole 2 inches long, slender, dull red on 

 the upper surface, with two large, reniform, reddish 

 glands on the stalk. Flowers white, 1 *4 inches across ; 

 borne in scattered clusters in twos and threes. Fruit 

 matures in midseason ; % inch long, 1 inch thick, 

 round oblate, compressed ; cavity deep, abrupt ; suture 

 indistinct ; apex flattened ; color medium to dark red ; 

 dots numerous, small, russet, inconspicuous ; stem 1 v /z 

 inches long, adherent to the fruit ; skin tender, separat- 

 ing readily from the pulp ; flesh yellowish-white, with 

 abundant colorless juice, tender and melting, sprightly ; 

 quality very good ; stone free, round, blunt, with smooth 

 surfaces. 



CENTENNIAL. P. avium. In California, 

 Centennial is passing from the period of pro- 

 bation to one of general acceptance as a stand- 

 ard variety. It has not been well tested in 

 the East, but trees growing in a commercial 

 orchard at Geneva, New York, show the va- 

 riety to be a close competitor with its parent, 

 Napoleon. In some respects the fruits surpass 

 those of Napoleon. The cherries are larger, 

 sweeter, better-flavored, and have smaller pits. 

 The trees fall short, however, of those of its 

 well-known parent, in being less fruitful. The 

 two varieties under comparison may be fur- 

 ther distinguished by the more oblate fruits 

 of Centennial, by a more mottled color, and 

 by the pits, which are longer and more pointed 

 in the newer variety. The variety is recom- 

 mended for home orchards and experimentally 

 for commercial plantations. Centennial was 

 grown by Henry Chapman, Napa, California; 

 it came in fruit in 1876. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, open-topped, 

 productive. Leaves numerous, large, flattened, long-oval, 



