140 



CHAPMAN 



DIKEMAN 



thick ; margin coarsely serrate, with small and incon- 

 spicuous glands ; petiole 1 J /4 inches long, pubescent, 

 tinged with red, 2-4 large, reniform, greenish-red, flat- 

 tened glands, usually on the stalk. Flowers 1% inches 

 across, usually arranged in twos and threes. Fruit 

 midseason, length of season short ; very large, short- 

 cordate, compressed ; cavity deep, wide ; suture distinct, 

 broad, shallow ; apex roundish or slightly depressed ; 

 color amber-yellow, speckled and overlaid with crim- 

 son ; dots white, inconspicuous; stem thick, 1*4 inches 

 long, adherent to the pulp ; skin thin, tender, cracks 

 badly, adherent to the pulp ; flesh white, with colorless 

 juice, meaty, crackling, sprightly, sweet ; of very good 

 quality ; stone semi-clinging, ovate, plump, oblique, 

 with smooth surfaces. 



CHAPMAN. P. avium. Chapman is a 

 sweet cherry, one of the "Hearts" of common 

 parlance, its fruits distinguished and worth 

 producing only because they are extra early, 

 although when fully ripe they are of very 

 good quality. The cherries run small, so that 

 the variety requires good care and a choice 

 cherry soil for a finely finished product. Tree 

 and fruit are preeminently free from fungus 

 diseases, but the robin and other birds take 

 greater toll than from almost any other cherry, 

 beginning their harvest long before the fruit 

 is fit for human fare. Chapman might well 

 be planted in a small way for a local market, 

 but it has no place in large numbers in the 

 East; it is more at home in California. Chap- 

 man came from a seed of Black Tartarian 

 sown by W. H. Chapman, Napa, California, 

 about 1890. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, dense, pro- 

 ductive. Leaves numerous, 5% inches long, 2% inches 

 wide, long-obovate, thin, slightly rugose ; margin ser- 

 rate, glandular ; petiole nearly 2 inches long, slender, 

 tinged with red, pubescent along the upper side and 

 with a shallow groove, with from 2-4 large, reniform, 

 reddish glands. Flowers early, 1 inch across. Fruit 

 very early, season averaging 11 days ; about % inch 

 in diameter, round-cordate, compressed ; color purplish- 

 black ; stem thin, tender, separates from the pulp ; flesh 

 reddish, with dark juice, meaty, tender, mild, sweet ; 

 of very good quality ; stone semi-clinging, oval, com- 

 pressed, oblique, with smooth surfaces. 



CLEVELAND. P. avium. Cleveland is a 

 Bigarreau which falls so far short of its near 

 kin as not to be worth planting except as an 

 early cherry of its type, earliness being its one 

 saving asset. The cherries closely resemble 

 those of Rockport in size, color, shape, and 

 flavor; they are in no way better, and are even 

 more subject to brown-rot. The crop ripens 

 with that of Black Tartarian, a sort with which 

 it can never compete in orchard or market. 

 Possibly Cleveland has too much merit to be 

 wholly neglected, yet it is not worth planting, 

 unless it be in a locality in which it does ex- 

 ceptionally well and in which an early cherry 

 of its kind is wanted. Cleveland is said by 

 its introducer, Professor J. P. Kirtland, Cleve- 

 land, Ohio, who brought it out in 1842, to be 

 a seedling from Yellow Spanish. 



Tree of medium size and vigor, upright-spreading, 

 open, very productive. Leaves numerous, 5 inches long, 

 2^ inches wide, long-elliptical, thin; margin coarsely 

 and doubly serrate, glandular ; petiole often 2 inches 

 long, red, slender, hairy, grooved, glandless or with 

 1-4 reniform, reddish glands on the stalk. Flowers 

 white, 1 14 inches across ; borne in scattered clusters, 

 usually in twos. Fruit early ; about % inch in diame- 

 ter, cordate, compressed, . with an irregular surface ; 



cavity wide, flaring, irregular ; suture shallow, indistinct ; 

 apex obtusely-pointed ; color light red overspreading 

 yellow ; dots numerous, small, yellowish, obscure ; stem 

 slender, 1 % inches long, adherent to the fruit ; skin 

 thin, tender, separating readily from the pulp ; flesh 

 light yellow, with colorless juice, tender and melting, 

 sweet ; good in quality ; stone clinging, large, % inch 

 long, oval, flattened at the base, plump, with smooth 

 surfaces. 



COE. Fig. 119. P. avium. Coe's Trans- 

 parent. Coe, long known as Coe's Transparent, 

 is the first of the light-colored cherries to 

 ripen, and is an excellent fruit in quality and 

 appearance. One 

 defect is variability -&. 



in color of fruit, <&$ 



the variant usually 

 being very light- 

 colored ; and an- 

 other, that the 

 cherries run small. 

 The tree-characters 

 are in the main 

 very good. The 

 variety can be dis- 

 tinguished by the 

 large, spreading 

 tree; by hardiness, 

 vigor, healthful- 

 ness, and fruitful- 

 ness. Coe is worthy 

 of a place in every 

 home plantation 

 and in orchards for 

 local markets. Cur- 

 tis Coe, Middle- 

 town, Connecticut, 

 grew this variety 

 early in the nine- 

 teenth century 

 from a pit of Ox 

 Heart. 119. Coe. (XD 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, open, very 

 productive. Leaves numerous, 4*4 inches long, 2^4 

 inches wide ; margin coarsely serrate, with small, black 

 glands ; petiole 1 % inches long, thick, tinged with red, 

 grooved, hairy, with 2-3 large, reniform, greenish-yellow 

 or reddish glands on the stalk. Flowers midseason, 1*4 

 inches across, white ; borne in dense clusters, thickly 

 distributed over the tree in twos and threes. Fruit 

 early ; 1 inch in diameter, round-cordate, slightly com- 

 pressed ; cavity regular, abrupt ; suture indistinct ; apex 

 blunt-pointed or slightly depressed ; color pale amber 

 faintly mottled with red ; dots small, light yellow, in- 

 conspicuous ; stem slender, li/& inches long, adherent 

 to the pulp ; flesh pale yellow, with colorless juice, 

 tender, meaty, mild, sweet ; good to very good in qual- 

 ity ; stone semi-free or free, somewhat flattened, blunt, 

 with smooth surfaces. 



DIKEMAN. P. avium. Dikeman has some 

 merit as a very late sweet cherry, but here its 

 usefulness ends. The cherries are too small 

 and the pits too large for the variety to have 

 great worth. The tree is somewhat remarkable 

 for its spreading habit and stout branches. 

 Two very similar cherries, with a variation in 

 the spelling, pass under this name. Late in 

 the eighteenth century there appeared a cherry 

 on the Dyckman farm near New York City. 

 Some thought it to be identical with Black 

 Tartarian ; others said it was distinct and called 

 it Dyckman. It was never more than of local 



