DOUBLE GLASS 



DYEHOUSE 



141 



note. About 1890, the late S. D. Willard, 

 Geneva, New York, introduced the Dikeman 

 cherry from the farm of George B. Dikeman, 

 Oceana County, Michigan. 



Tree large, vigorous, broadly-spreading, open-topped, 

 productive. Leaves numerous, 4% inches long, 2^ 

 inches wide, folded upward, long-elliptical, thin ; mar- 

 gin coarsely and doubly serrate ; petiole about 1 % inches 

 long, tinged with red, with a few hairs, with 1-4 

 reniform, reddish glands on the stalk. Flowers mid- 

 season, white, 1 % inches across ; borne in scattering 

 clusters, in ones, twos or threes. Fruit late ; % inch 

 in diameter, cordate ; cavity wide, flaring ; suture shal- 

 low, indistinct ; apex slightly pointed, with a small 

 depression at the center ; color purplish-black ; dots 

 numerous, small, dark russet, inconspicuous ; stem slender, 

 1^4 inches long, adherent to the fruit; skin thin, tender, 

 adherent to the pulp ; flesh dark red, with dark-colored 

 juice, very meaty, crisp, mild, aromatic, sweet ; of good 

 quality ; stone clinging, longer than wide, ovate, flat- 

 tened, with smooth surfaces, marked with a reddish tinge. 



DOUBLE GLASS. P. avium X P. Cerasus. 

 Great Cornelian. Glass. Double Glass is a 

 Duke, a hybrid more nearly resembling the 

 sweet than the sour cherry. The trees grow re- 

 markably well in nursery and orchard, and 

 their behavior so pleased growers when the 

 variety was brought to notice that it became 

 for a time quite the vogue. But the trees 

 turned out to be unproductive and the cher- 

 ries so mediocre that the variety rapidly passed 

 through its heyday of popularity. The fruits 

 are curiously marked, the suture being so deep 

 as to make them appear double hence the 

 name. The variety has no value where sweet 

 sorts are hardy, but might find a niche some- 

 where in regions where the more tender sweet 

 cherry cannot be grown. This variety dates 

 back in Germany to 1792. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading becoming di- 

 vergent with age, usually hardy, rather unproductive ; 

 leaves healthy, small to medium, ovate, with serrated 

 margins. Fruit midseason ; usually large, round-oblate, 

 with a very deep suture ; color light red becoming much 

 darker at maturity ; stem long, thick ; skin thin, touarh, 

 translucent ; flesh yellowish, with abundant uncolored 

 juice, firm, tender, sprightly ; good in quality ; stone 

 medium in size, round. 



DOUBLE NATTE. P. Cerasus. Riga. 

 Double Natte is a cherry of the Morello group 

 hardly equal to English Morello except when 

 earliness is a requisite, for this sort is one 

 of the earliest of the Morellos. From the 

 eulogistic reports of its behavior in the Middle 

 West, it would seem that Double Natte is 

 better adapted to the Mississippi Valley than 

 elsewhere in this country. The variety was 

 first mentioned by Knoop, the Dutch po- 

 mologist, in 1771. Some years ago J. L. Budd 

 imported from Russia a cherry under the name 

 Riga No. 18. This cherry has been grown 

 under the name Riga, but the descriptions of 

 Riga are identical with those of Double Natte. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, open-topped, 

 somewhat vasiform, productive. Leaves numerous, 3% 

 inches long, 1% inches wide, short-obovate, thick, stiff; 

 margin coarsely serrate, glandular ; petiole thick, dull 

 red, 1 inch long, glandless or with 1 or 2 small glands 

 at the base of the blade. Flowers midseason, white, 1^4 

 inches across ; borne in scattering clusters in twos 

 and threes. Fruit early ; % inch in diameter, cordate 

 to conical, compressed ; cavity abrupt, regular ; suture 

 deep, distinct, often extending entirely around the fruit ; 



apex depressed ; color dark red ; dots numerous, small, 

 brown, obscure ; skin tough, separating readily from the 

 pulp ; ttes.j dark red, with reddish juice, tender and 

 melting, sprightly, sour ; good to very good in quality ; 

 stone nearly free, longer than wide, nearly round, 

 slightly flattened, with smooth surfaces. 



DOWNER. P. avium. Downer's Red 

 Heart. Downer's Late. Downer is one of the 

 Hearts, much prized for its late, delicately 

 and richly flavored fruits. Several defects 

 keep it from being a variety of any consider- 

 able worth: the trees thrive only in the 

 choicest soils; are often unhealthy and lacking 

 in vigor; and the yield is small because the 

 fruits are small. So, while the variety is 

 desirable in a home orchard, as the crop ripens 

 after almost all other dessert cherries have 

 gone, Downer has small place in a commercial 

 plantation. It should be said in its favor, 

 as a commercial fruit, that the crop stands 

 harvesting and shipping very well. Downer 

 takes the name of Samuel Downer, Dorches- 

 ter, Massachusetts, who grew it some time 

 before 1832. 



Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, dense-topped, 

 productive. Leaves numerous, 3 inches long, 1%, inches 

 wide, obovate, rather stiff ; margin doubly serrate, 

 glandular ; petiole 1 inch long, thick, dark red, glandless 

 or with 1-3 large, globose or reniform glands on the 

 stalk. Flowers midseason, white, 1 ^4 inches across ; 

 borne in thin clusters in ones and twos. Fruit the 

 latest ; % inch in diameter, round-cordate, compressed ; 

 cavity shallow, flaring ; suture obscure ; apex pointed ; 

 color light to dark red frequently showing an amber 

 background on the shaded side ; dots numerous, small, 

 russet; stem 1% inches long, adherent to the fruit; 

 skin tough, separating from the pulp ; flesh pale yellow, 

 with colorless juice, stringy, tender, with soft flesh, mild 

 and pleasant, sweet when fully ripe ; good to very good 

 in quality ; stone large, free, ovate, flattened, with 

 smooth surfaces. 



DYEHOUSE. P. Cerasus. Dyehouse is 

 conspicuous among cherries for its early and 

 beautiful fruit. Early Richmond is the stand- 

 ard early cherry, yet Dyehouse ripens its crop 

 a week earlier, and the fruits are just as attrac- 

 tive in appearance and equally well-flavored. 

 It is near of kin to Early Richmond, but the 

 two may be distinguished by the difference in 

 time of ripening and by the brighter, clearer 

 color, greater opaqueness, more highly colored 

 juice and slightly smaller size of the fruits 

 of Dyehouse. Possibly this cherry would 

 supersede the better-known Early Richmond 

 were it not for the defect in size, and for the 

 further faults of being less productive and 

 more sensitive to environment, as it fails to 

 thrive in localities where the older sort is 

 quite at home. A Mr. Dyehouse, Lincoln 

 County, Kentucky, raised the first tree of 

 Dyehouse from a pit about 1860. 



Tree small, vigorous, spreading, with drooping branch- 

 lets, dense, round-topped, productive. Leaves numerous, 

 3 inches long, 1% inches wide; margin finely serrate, 

 with small, dark glands ; petiole % inch long, with 1-3 

 small, globose, greenish-yellow glands at the base of 

 the blade. Flowers midseason, 1 inch across, white ; 

 borne in dense clusters, usually at the ends of spur-like 

 branches in twos, threes or fours. Fruits early ; % inch 

 in diameter, oblate, compressed ; cavity of medium 

 depth, narrow, abrupt, regular ; suture indistinct ; apex 

 flattened, with a small depression at the center ; color 

 dark red; dots numerous, small, obscure; stem 1 inch 

 long, adhering well ; skin thin, tough ; flesh light 



