236 



BRIGHTON 



CAMPBELL EARLY 



of grape-growers on the Pacific slope, without 

 being a prime favorite for either home use 

 or commerce. The grapes are not high enough 

 in quality for a home vineyard, and, while 

 they ship well, are hard to handle because 

 of the large size and rigidity of the bunches. 

 Another fault is that the vines are subject 

 to root-knot. The chief asset of the variety is 

 handsome appearance of fruit. This variety 

 is remarkable for the number of second-crop 

 bunches which it produces on the laterals. The 

 following description is compiled: 



Vine very vigorous, productive ; canes spreading, few. 

 Leaves medium to small, very deeply five-lobed ; the 

 younger leaves truncate at base, giving them a semi- 

 circular outline, with long, sharp teeth alternating with 

 very small ones ; glabrous, or nearly so, on both sides. 

 Bunches very large, short, shouldered, compact and 

 rigid. Berries very large, round, often misshapen from 

 compression ; dull purple, lacking color in the center 

 of the bunch ; flesh firm, crisp, neutral in flavor, lacking 

 in richness ; quality rather low. Season late, keeping 

 and shipping well. 



BRIGHTON. Fig. 217. V. Labrusca X V. 

 vinijera. Brighton is one of the few Labrusca- 

 Vinifera hybrids which has attained promi- 

 nence in commercial vineyards. It ranks as 



one of the leading 

 amateur grapes in 

 eastern America, 

 and is among the 

 ten or twelve chief 

 commercial sorts of 

 this region. Its 

 good points are: 

 for the fruit, high 

 quality; for the 

 vine, vigorous 

 growth, productive- 

 ness, adaptability 

 to various soils, and 

 ability to withstand 

 fungi. Brighton has 

 two serious defects 

 which keep it from 

 taking higher rank 

 as a commercial 

 variety: the fruits 

 deteriorate in qual- 

 ity very quickly 

 after maturity, so 

 that they cannot 

 be kept for more than a few days at best, 

 hence cannot be shipped to distant markets; 

 and the flowers are self-sterile to a more 

 marked degree than in any other commonly- 

 grown grape. Brighton is a seedling of Diana 

 Hamburg pollinated by Concord, raised by 

 Jacob Moore, Brighton, New York. The origi- 

 nal vine fruited first in 1870. 



Vine vigorous, hardy, productive, subject to mildew. 

 Canes long, numerous, light brown ; nodes enlarged, 

 usually flattened ; internodes long ; tendrils continuous, 

 long, bifid. Leaves large, thick ; lobes 3 when present, 

 terminal one acute ; petiolar sinus intermediate in depth 

 and width ; lateral sinus shallow ; teeth narrow. Flow- 

 ers open late, self-sterile ; stamens reflexed. Fruit mid- 

 season. Clusters large, long, broad, tapering, heavily 

 shouldered, loose ; pedicel thick ; brush pale green with 

 brown tinge, thick, short. Berries irregular, large, oval, 

 light red, glossy with heavy bloom, persistent, soft ; skin 

 tnick, tender, adherent, astringent ; flesh green, trans- 

 parent, tender, stringy, melting, aromatic, vinous, sweet ; 

 very good. Seeds free, 1-5, broad, light brown. 



217. Brighton. (XV 3 ) 



BRILLIANT. (V. Labrusca X V. vinijera) 

 X V. cestivalis Bourquiniana. Brilliant is a 

 cross between Lindley and Delaware. In clus- 

 ter and size of berry, it resembles Lindley; in 

 color and quality of fruit it is about the same 

 as Delaware, differing chiefly in having more 

 astringency in the skin. Its season is about 

 the same as that of Delaware. The grapes 

 do not crack or shell, therefore ship well, and 

 have very good keeping qualities, especially 

 on the vine, where they often hang for weeks. 

 The vine is vigorous and hardy. The defects 

 which have kept Brilliant from becoming one 

 of the standard commercial sorts are: marked 

 susceptibility to fungi, variability in size of 

 cluster, unevenness in ripening and in pro- 

 ductiveness. In favorable situations this 

 variety pleases the amateur, and the com- 

 mercial grower often finds it profitable. The 

 seed which produced Brilliant was planted by 

 T. V. Munson, Denison, Texas, in 1883. 



Vine vigorous, hardy, rather unproductive. Canes 

 long, numerous, thick, dark brown ; nodes enlarged, flat- 

 tened ; internodes long ; tendrils intermittent, long, bifid. 

 Leaves large, thick ; obscurely three-lobed with terminal 

 lobe acute ; petiolar sinus deep, narrow ; basal and 

 lateral sinuses obscure and shallow when present ; teeth 

 intermediate in depth and width. Flowers open late, 

 self-fertile ; stamens upright. Fruit early midseason, 

 keeps well. Clusters medium, blunt, cylindrical, 

 usually shouldered, compact ; pedicel short, thick, with 

 a few warts ; brush short, thick, pale green with reddish 

 tinge. Berries round, dark red, glossy with thin bloom, 

 strongly adherent, firm ; skin thin, tough, adherent ; 

 flesh pale green, transparent, juicy, stringy, fine-grained, 

 vinous, sweet ; good. Seeds clinging, 1-4, large, broad, 

 elongated, plump, light brown. 



CACO. V. Labrusca. Caco, said to be a 

 cross between Catawba and Concord, is one 

 of the most recent varieties, and is now on 

 probation in many vineyards throughout the 

 country. The variety was awarded a medal 

 by the American Institute of New York, and 

 is spoken of in superlative terms by nursery- 

 men. On the grounds of the New York Agri- 

 cultural Experiment Station, however, the va- 

 riety is a failure, not equaling either parent in 

 any of the characters of the fruit, except in 

 size of berries, which are larger than those of 

 either Concord or Catawba. The fruits are 

 more of the Catawba type than of the Con- 

 cord, resembling Catawba somewhat in color, 

 but are not so bright, and the flavor is not 

 so good. The grapes do not ripen very uni- 

 formly, and the clusters are too small for a 

 commercial grape. The variety was introduced 

 by the J. T. Lovett Company in 1911. 



Vine rather vigorous, hardy, fairly productive. Fruit 

 midseason, ripening with Concord ; clusters of medium 

 size, slender, cylindrical, rather loose ; brush pale green ; 

 berries large, round, variable in size and shape, color 

 dull red similar to that of Catawba ; bloom heavy ; skin 

 thick, tough, parting readily from the flesh ; flesh 

 greenish-white, transparent, firm, juicy, tender, flavor 

 somewhat like that of Lindley but milder, sweet ; quality 

 good ; seeds 3 or 4, rather large, separating readily 

 from the flesh. 



CAMPBELL EARLY. Fig. 218. V. La- 

 brusca X V. vinijera. The meritorious quali- 

 ties of Campbell Early are: the grapes are 

 high in quality when mature; free from foxi- 



