WOODRUFF 



WYOMING 



261 



straggling, poorly-formed cluster; and the 

 shoulder, when as large as the cluster itself, 

 which is often the case, makes the cluster 

 unsightly. The grapes shell when fully ripe. 

 Again, while the crop usually ripens evenly, 

 there are seasons when two pickings are needed 

 because of unevenness in ripening. Lastly, the 

 skin is thin and there is danger in unfavorable 

 seasons of the berries cracking. These defects 

 do not offset the several good characters of 

 Winchell, which make it the standard early 

 green grape. The original vine was raised by 

 James Milton Clough, Stamford, Vermont, 

 about 1850. 



Vine vigorous, hardy, "healthy, very productive. Canea 

 long, numerous, slender, dark brown with thin bloom ; 

 nodes enlarged, flattened ; tendrils continuous, sometimes 

 intermittent, bifid. Leaves large ; lobes 3-5, with ter- 

 minal lobe acute ; petiolar sinus deep ; basal sinus 

 shallow ; teeth shallow, wide. Flowers fertile, mid- 

 season ; stamens upright. Fruit early, keeps and ships 

 well. Clusters long, slender, cylindrical, often with a 

 long shoulder, compact ; pedicel short, slender, with few 

 inconspicuous warts ; brush greenish-white. Berries 

 small, round, light green, persistent, soft ; skin marked 

 with small, reddish-brown spots, thin, tender, slightly 

 astringent ; flesh green, translucent, juicy, tender, fine- 

 grained, sweet ; very good to best. Seeds free, 1-4, 

 email, plump, wide and long, blunt, brown. 



WOODRUFF. V. Labrusca. Woodruff 

 bears large, handsome, showy, brick-red grapes 

 in large clusters, but taste belies looks, for 

 the flesh is coarse and the flavor is poor. The 

 variety would not be worth attention, were it 

 not for its excellent vine-characters, the vines 

 being hardy, productive, and healthy. The 

 grapes ripen a little before those of Concord 

 and come on the market at a favorable time, 

 especially for a red grape. Woodruff origi- 

 nated with C. H. Woodruff, Ann Arbor, Michi- 

 gan, as a chance seedling which came up in 

 1874. 



Vine very vigorous, hardy. Canes dark brown ; nodes 

 enlarged, flattened ; tendrils continuous, bifid or trifid. 

 Leaves round ; leaf usually not lobed with terminus 

 acute ; petiolar sinus wide ; basal sinus lacking ; lateral 

 sinus shallow and narrow when present ; teeth shallow. 

 Flowers semi-fertile, early ; stamens upright. Fruit 

 ripening before Concord. Clusters broad, widely taper- 

 ing, usually single-shouldered, compact ; pedicel short, 

 thick, smooth ; brush long, pale green. Berries large, 

 round, dark red, dull, firm ; skin thin, tender, adherent, 

 slightly astringent ; flesh pale green, translucent, juicy, 

 tough, coarse, very foxy ; fair in quality. Seeds ad- 

 herent, 1-5, broad, short, plump, blunt, brown. 



WORDEN. Fig. 236. V. Labrusca. Of 

 the many offspring of Concord, Worden is best 

 known and most meritorious. The grapes 

 differ from those of Concord in having better 

 quality and in being a week to ten days earlier. 

 The vine is equally hardy, healthy, vigorous, 

 and productive, but is more fastidious in its 

 adaptations to soil, though now and then it 

 does even better. The chief fault of the 

 variety is that the fruit cracks badly, often 

 preventing the profitable marketing of a crop. 

 The fruit-pulp of Worden is softer than that 

 of Concord, there is more juice, and the keep- 

 ing qualities are not so good. Worden is very 

 popular in northern grape regions both for 

 commercial plantations and for the garden. 



It is a more desirable inhabitant of the garden, 

 because of higher quality of fruit than Con- 

 cord, and, under conditions well suited to it, 

 is better as a commercial variety, since the 

 fruit is handsomer as well as of better quality. 

 Early season is against Worden, for a com- 

 mercial variety, and, with the defects men- 

 tioned, prevents it taking the place of Concord 

 to a great degree. Worden was originated by 

 Schuyler Worden, Minetto, New York, from 

 seed planted about 1863. 



236. Worden. (X%) 



Vine vigorous, hardy, healthy, productive. Canes 

 large, thick, brown with reddish tinge ; nodes enlarged, 

 flattened ; tendrils continuous, slender, bifid, sometimes 

 trifid. Young leaves tinged on the under side and along 

 the margins of upper side with rose-carmine. Leaves 

 large, thick ; leaf usually not lobed ; petiolar sinus 

 wide, often urn-shaped ; teeth shallow. Flowers fertile, 

 midseason ; stamens upright. Fruit early. Clusters 

 large, long, broad, tapering, usually single-shouldered, 

 compact ; pedicel slender with a few small warts ; brush 

 long, light green. Berries large, round, dark purplish- 

 black, glossy with heavy bloom, firm ; skin tender, 

 cracks badly, adheres slightly, contains dark red pig- 

 ment, astringent ; flesh green, translucent, juicy, fine- 

 rained, tough, foxy, sweet, mild ; good to very good, 

 eeds adherent, 1-5, large, broad, short, blunt, brown. 



WYOMING. V. Labrusca. Hopkins Early 

 Red. Wilmington Red. Such value as Wyo- 

 ming possesses lies in the hardiness, produc- 

 tiveness, and healthiness of the vine. The 

 appearance of the fruit is very good, the 

 bunches being well formed and composed of 

 rich amber-colored berries of medium size. 

 The quality, however, is poor, like that of 

 the wild Labrusca in foxiness of flavor and 

 in flesh-characters. Wyoming is not nearly 

 so valuable as some others of the red La- 

 bruscas hitherto described, and can hardly be 

 recommended either for the garden or for 

 the vineyard. The variety was introduced by 

 S. J. Parker, Ithaca, New York, who states 

 that it came from Pennsylvania in 1861. 



Vine vigorous, hardy, healthy, productive. Canes 

 numerous, slender, dark reddish-brown covered with blue 

 bloom ; nodes enlarged, frequently flattened ; tendrils 

 continuous, short, bifid. Leaves of average size and 



