276 



COLUMBIAN 



EMPIRE 



and Golden Cap, a seedling of an American 

 black raspberry. It may be propagated either 

 by suckers or tips. 



Plants vigorous, hardy, healthy, productive, with 

 light-colored, upright canes having very few prickles. 

 Leaves very dark green. Fruit of. medium size, orange- 

 pink deepening to salmon color ; flesh soft, juicy, sweet 

 but sprightly ; quality excellent. 



COLUMBIAN. R. strigosus X R. occiden- 

 talis. Columbian is the most prized of the 

 purple raspberries. It takes leading place by 

 virtue of the large size, firm flesh, handsome 

 appearance, and high quality of the fruit; 

 and the hardiness, healthfulness, and phe- 

 nomenal productiveness of the plants. It is 

 now more largely grown for commercial can- 

 ning than any other raspberry, red, black, 

 or purple; and, when canned, is superior to 

 any other raspberry in appearance and flavor. 

 Columbian is often compared with Shaffer, a 

 much older variety. The fruit of Columbian 

 is smaller, firmer, and hangs on the plant 

 longer than that of Shaffer; the plants are 

 more vigorous and more productive, and the 

 fruiting season is later. Shaffer excels Co- 

 lumbian only in greater hardiness of plant. 

 Columbian originated from seed of Cuthbert, 

 a red, growing next to Gregg, a blackcap; 

 the seed was sown in the spring of 1885 by 

 J. T. Thompson, Oneida, New York. 



i.i 11 ami Btuufcf i uunu, 1 1 Hi i icuuion-ui \j\ 



straggling, straight prickles. Leaflet 



238. Cuthbert. (XD 



CUTHBERT. Fig. 238. R. strigosus. Con- 

 over. Queen of the Market. Dainty Favorite. 

 Cuthbert is the most commonly grown red 

 raspberry in America. The preeminent meri- 

 torious character which justifies its popularity 

 is its freedom from local prejudices of either 

 soil or climate. While best adapted to some- 



what sandy land, Cuthbert thrives on a wide 

 range of soils, and is as hardy to cold and 

 endures heat as well as any other red rasp- 

 berry. The plants are healthy and productive, 

 and the crop ripens evenly over a long season. 

 The berries are of good red color, firm of 

 flesh, and fine in flavor, qualities which 

 make it suitable for home and market alike. 

 Cuthbert originated as a chance seedling on 

 the grounds of a Mr. Cuthbert, Riverdale-on- 

 Hudson, New York, and was introduced in 

 1865. 



Plants tall, vigorous, upright, medium number of 

 suckers, hardy, not very productive ; canes long, numerous, 

 round, yellowish-brown, with a few straight prickles. 

 Leaflets 3-5, of medium size, dull dark green, rugose, 

 glabrous above, pubescent beneath. Fruit midseason, 

 large, uniform, retains size well through the season, 

 conical ; color dull dark red, with light bloom ; drupelets 

 small, numerous, juicy, firm, sweet, rich ; quality very 

 good ; seeds rather small. 



EATON. R. strigosus. Alton Improved. 

 Idaho. Iowa. In spite of several serious faults, 

 Eaton is largely grown in New England be-' 

 cause of unusual productiveness and hardiness. 

 The faults are : the berries crumble badly 

 and do not separate easily from the torus; 

 the flavor is too acid to be pleasant; the 

 plants droop almost to the ground, making 

 them hard to manage; and, except in New 

 England, there are not enough canes to make 

 the variety productive. Eaton originated as 

 a chance seedling with Ulysses Eaton, Cam- 

 bridge City, Indiana, in 1885. 



Plants medium tall, of moderate vigor, drooping, with 

 a distinct tendency to branch, making few suckers, very 

 hardy, productive only in New England. Fruit mid- 

 season, clings to torus and crumbles when picked, round- 

 conical, the surface irregular and undulating, clear, 

 bright, durable crimson ; pedicel slender, beset with 

 prickles ; drupelets very large, broadly grooved ; flesh 

 red, juicy, firm ; flavor rather acid with an agreeable 

 aroma ; quality good for culinary purposes only ; seeds 

 small. 



EMPIRE. Fig. 239. R. strigosus. Empire 

 is one of the most promising new red rasp- 

 berries, having as its chief assets hardiness, 

 productiveness, vigor of bush, healthiness, and 

 large, handsome, firm, well-flavored fruits. 



239. Empire. (XD 



The plants need no winter-protection in New 

 York; equal any other variety in productive- 

 ness; and are unusually vigorous, reaching a 



