BATCHELDER 



BENNETT JUMBO 



317 



three brands in New Jersey. Varietal names 

 are as lasting and stable as those of other 

 fruits, but the names of brands may change 

 from season to season. 



2. Vaccinium Oxycoccus, Linn. Small Cranberry. 

 Cranberry of the Old World. Steins very slender, almost 

 hair-like, erect or ascending, more slender and shorter 

 than those of V. macrocarpon. Leaves oblong or ovate, 

 acute, % inch long, strongly revolute margins, leathery, 

 evergreen, dark green and glossy above, conspicuously 

 whitened beneath ; pedicels 1-4, terminal, the pale rose- 

 colored flowers nodding ; corolla 4-parted ; filaments % 

 as long as the anthers. Fruit maturing in late autumn ; 

 smaller than in the last, V^-Vs inch in diameter; 

 roundish and less variable than in the last ; red and 

 acid but considered superior in flavor to the large 

 cranberry of more common cultivation. 



The small cranberry is an inhabitant of 

 temperate, subarctic, and alpine regions of 

 North America, Europe, and Asia, and is 

 usually found in sphagnum swamps The 

 species is sparingly cultivated in the Old 

 World, and the wild fruits are highly prized 

 by northern peoples in both the Old and New 

 World. No one seems to have given atten- 

 tion to the hybridization of the large and the 

 small cranberry, although the two would no 

 doubt hybridize, possibly giving a better fla- 

 vored fruit in the offspring than in either of 

 the parents. 



3. Vaccinium Vitis-Idcea, Linn. Mountain Cran- 

 berry. Cowberry. Foxberry. Low-bush Cranberry. 

 This cranberry is much used in Europe and in some 

 parts of Canada, especially Nova Scotia, where it is 

 harvested and shipped to the markets of New England. 

 It is not cultivated although there appear to be no 

 reasons why it could not be cultivated. The plants are 

 shorter, dwarfer and less productive than those of the 

 other two species. The fruits are smaller, scarcely 

 larger than currants, darker red, more acid and more 

 astringent, but edible and very good for culinary pur- 

 poses. 



The mountain cranberry is an inhabitant of 

 colder regions than the other two species, and 

 prefers dry and rocky banks to wet lands. 

 This species is suitable for dry-land cultiva- 

 tion, the practice of which would obviate the 

 necessity of making bogs, building dams, drain- 

 ing, and flooding. 



VARIETIES OF CRANBERRIES 1 



BATCHELDER. Holliston. Mammoth. 

 These three names are used for the same va- 

 riety in different localities. The fruits are 

 described as oblong in shape, extra large, fine 

 in flavor, and as very desirable for the Oc- 

 tober trade of eastern and central markets. 

 The variety seems to be grown only in Massa- 

 chusetts, and its origin is not given. 



BELL AND BUGLE. This so-called va- 

 riety is a mixture of two types, as the name 

 implies, which has been under cultivation in 

 Wisconsin for the past thirty years. The Bell 

 type in this mixture is much the same as in 

 the better-known Bell and Cherry variety to 

 be described next. The bell-like berry is a 



1 The descriptions of varieties of cranberries have been 

 compiled from notes furnished by H. G. Franklin, 

 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, and 

 O. G. Malde, Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station. 



longer fruit than that in the Bell and Cherry 

 group; the bugle-like berry is still further pro- 

 longed with much less bulge than that in the 

 bell type. The Bell and Bugle berries are a 

 little larger than those of the Bell and Cherry. 

 The berries are of a uniform bright red color, 

 ready for shipment about October 10, and 

 keep and ship well. The variety is listed by 

 the American Cranberry Exchange under the 

 Monogram and Pennant brands. Bell and 

 Bugle is becoming unpopular in Wisconsin 

 owing to its susceptibility to "false blossom," 

 a condition in which fruits apparently set but 

 fail to develop. 



BELL AND CHERRY. Natives (oj Wis- 

 consin). The standard cranberry in Wisconsin 

 is a mixture of the bell and cherry types, 

 giving the trade name of Bell and Cherry, 

 though growers usually call the mixture "Na- 

 tives." In acreage, this is the principal va- 

 riety, if the mixture can be called a variety, 

 grown in Wisconsin. It is the original cran- 

 berry found on the marshes of central Wis- 

 consin, and has been the commonest group 

 under cultivation for the last thirty years. 

 The American Cranberry Exchange separates 

 the two types in marketing the fruit, selling 

 the round shapes of uniform size under the 

 Badger and Poppy brands, and the bell-shaped 

 berries of larger size under the well-known 

 Bouquet brand. 



Vines vigorous, productive, without the dense matting 

 of McFarlin, which is a standard named variety of this 

 type. Leaves averaging smaller than those of McFarlin. 

 Fruit of the bell type, tapering at the stem-end and 

 larger at the blossom-end which is flat ; fruit of the 

 cherry type round with both stem- and blossom-ends, 

 flattened with slight indentations ; color of both types 

 uniformly red without distinct markings; size -fe-% 

 inch in diameter ; usually ready for shipment soon after 

 October 5. 



BELLE OF THE CAPE. The American 

 Cranberry Exchange lists Belle of the Cape as 

 a distinct variety, but some authorities believe 

 it to be identical with Centreville, to which, 

 at any rate, it is very similar. Its origin is 

 not given. 



BENNETT JUMBO. Fig. 279. This 

 variety is characterized by late, long-keeping 

 cranberries, of the Jumbo type, 

 which are olive-shaped and of 

 large size. The plants are very 

 vigorous, productive, and blos- 

 som late, thereby escaping late 

 spring frosts; the blossoming 

 season is from June 20 to July 

 15th. Bennett Jumbo is con- 

 sidered one of the best late va- 

 rieties in Wisconsin. This 

 variety came from a small patch 279. 



of cranberries found by A. C. Bennett 



Bennett, Grand Rapids, Wis- Jumbo, 



consin, about 1890. (XD 



Vines very vigorous and productive, more so than 

 those of the Bell and Cherry. Leaves larger and of the 

 same dark olive-green color as those of Bell and Cherry. 

 Flowers late. Fruit large, -fa of an inch in diameter, 

 %-l inch long, olive-shaped; red-ribbed on green or 



