NOMENCLATURE 



The nomenclature in the Cyclopedia of 

 Hardy Fruits follows in the main the Code of 

 Fruit Nomenclature of the American Porno- 

 logical Society as revised by a Committee of 

 the Society appointed by the President at the 

 1921 session in Toledo, Ohio, the Committee 

 having been given power to act for the Society. 

 It was found impossible, however, to reduce all 

 names to this Code, although there are but few 

 exceptions. Prevailing usage has most often 

 dictated the departures from the Code. 



CODE OF FRUIT NOMENCLATURE 

 AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



This code aims to establish a simple and clear system 

 of pomological nomenclature that shall be appropriate 

 and stable. Accordingly it is urged that all persons 

 naming new varieties of fruits choose simple one-word 

 names that are fittingly expressive of some character, 

 quality, place, person, or event associated with the 

 source, time or place of origin of the variety. 



The paramount right of the originator, discoverer, or 

 introducer of a new variety to name it, within the 

 limitations of this code, is recognized and established. 



The term "kind" as herein used shall be understood 

 to apply to those general classes of fruits which are 

 grouped together in common usage without regard to 

 their exact botanical relationship, as apple, cherry, grape, 

 peach, plum, raspberry, etc. 



I. FORM OF NAMES 



1. Names of new varieties shall be of one word) 

 preferably, but two words may be accepted. Names of 

 existing varieties shall not be changed in such way as 

 to lead to confusion or loss of identity. 



2. The spelling and pronunciation of a variety name 

 shall be the same as that of the person, place, substance, 

 circumstance, or quality from which it is derived. 



3. A possessive noun shall not be used. 



4. Initials should not be used as a part of a variety 

 name. 



5. A name shall not be formed by the compounding 

 or hyphenating of two or more existing names, but this 

 does not prohibit the formation of a one-word name by 

 the use of parts of two or more existing names. The 

 hyphen shall not be used between the words of a name. 

 Thus, neither Bartlett-Seckel nor Bar Seek may be used, 

 but Barseck is admissible. 



6. Such general terms as seedling, hybrid, beurre, 



damson, pippin, rare-ripe, bigarreau, should not be 

 used. 



7. A variety imported from a foreign country should 

 retain its foreign name, subject only to such modification 

 as is necessary to conform it to this code, and provided 

 that names having a recognized English equivalent may 

 be, but are not necessarily so rendered. 



8. The name of a person shall not be applied to a 

 variety in his life time without his consent. 



9. The name of a deceased person shall not be applied 

 to a variety except through formal action by some 

 competent pomological body, preferably that with which 

 the deceased was most closely associated. 



II. PRIORITY, USAGE AND DUPLICATION 



10. The name first published for a variety shall be 

 the accepted and recognized name except when contrary 

 to the provisions of this code ; but names established by 

 usage in American pomological literature may be re- 

 tained even though they do not conform to these rules. 



11. A name once used shall not be used again for a 

 variety of the same kind, except that a name once 

 established through long usage for two or more Ameri- 

 can varieties shall not be displaced for either or 

 radically modified only when a well-known synonym 

 can be used in its place ; or when no such synonym is 

 available, the varieties bearing identical names may be 

 distinguished by the addition of the name of the author 

 who first described each, or by some other suitable 

 distinguishing term. 



III. PUBLICATION AND DESCRIPTION 



12. Publication consists in: (1) The public distribution 

 of a printed name and description or characterization of 

 the fruit (2) the publication of a new name for a 

 variety described elsewhere under a different name, 

 number, or other untenable designation the synonym 

 being given. 



13. Publication of a name may be made in any book, 

 bulletin, report, trade catalog or periodical of public 

 distribution and bearing date of issue. 



14. But a varietal name may be established by 

 current usages in the locality of its origin, when well 

 known, and shall be considered as published and have 

 precedence over a later printed name for the same 

 variety. 



15. Complete description of a variety consists of a 

 detailed account of the characteristics of the plant, 

 foliage, flowers, fruit, and habit of growth, so as to 

 distinguish it from other varieties of similar appearance. 



16. The type of a variety is the fruit of the original 

 plant ; and type descriptions or illustrations shall be 

 made from material produced by the original plant, or 

 when this is not available, from a plant as near as 

 possible to the original in asexual reproduction, and 

 preferably grown in the same pomological region. 



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