GLOSSARY 



ABAXILE. Said of the core of a pome when the walls 

 of the carpel are distant from the axis. 



ABORTION. Imperfect development or non-develop- 

 ment of an organ. 



ABRUPT. Suddenly narrowed. 



ACAULESCENT. Stemless or apparently so. 



ACHENE. A hard, dry, one-seeded, indehiscent fruit, 

 especially one in which the pericarp very closely 

 envelops the seed. 



ACUMINATE. Tapering at the end. 



ACUTE. Terminating with a sharp angle. 



ADAPTATION. The fitness or fitting of any organ or 

 organism to perform certain functions or to live in 

 certain conditions. 



ADVENTITIOUS. Said of buds, or of shoots, which 

 appear in abnormal or unaccustomed places or 

 numbers, rather than at nodes and in definite 

 number. 



ADVENTIVE. Imperfectly naturalized. 



AESTIVATION. The arrangement of the parts of the 

 perianth in the bud. 



ALTERNATE (of leaves, etc.). Not opposite on the 

 axis, but arranged singly at different heights. 



ANNUAL. Of only one year's duration. 



ANNULAR. Iu the form of a ring. 



ANTHER. The pollen-bearing part of a stamen. 



APETALOUS. Having no petals. 



APEX. The end of a fruit most distant from the stem. 



APICAL. Pertaining to the apex or top. 



APICULATE. Ending in a short, pointed tip. 



APPRESSED. Lying close and flat against. 



AREOLE. A small space marked out upon a surface. 



ARTICULATE. Having a node or joint. 



ASCENDING. Rising somewhat obliquely, or curving 

 upward. 



ATTENUATE. Slenderly tapering; becoming very nar- 

 row. 



AXIL. Angle above the junction of a leaf-blade, 

 petiole, peduncle, or pedicel, with the branch or 

 stalk from which it springs. 



AXIS. The central line of any organ or support of a 

 group of organs. 



BACCATE. Berry-like ; pulpy throughout. 



BASE. The point of attachment of a fruit. 



BASIN. In pomological writings, the depression in the 



apex of a pome. 



BEAKED. Ending in a prolonged tip. 

 BEARDED. Bearing a long awn, or furnished with 



long or stiff hairs. 

 BERRY. A fruit, the whole pericarp of which is 



fleshy or pulpy. 



BIENNIAL. Of two years' duration. 

 BIFID. Two-cleft. 

 BIGENER, BIGENERIC-HYBRID. A hybrid between 



species of different genera. 

 BIGENERIC HALF-BREED. The product of a cross 



between varieties of species of different genera. 

 BISEXUAL. Having both stamens and pistils. 

 BLADE. The expanded portion of a leaf, etc. 

 BLOOM. The delicate, white substance on the surface 



of some fruits ; or on the canes or vine and 



bramble-fruits. 

 BLUSH. An unbroken red tint on the surface of a 



fruit. 



BRACT. A modified leaf subtending a flower or be- 

 longing to an inflorescence. 

 BRACTEATE. Having bracts. 



BRACTEOSE. With numerous or conspicuous bracts. 

 BRACTLET. A secondary bract, as one upon the pedicel 



of a flower 

 BRUSH. The bundle of fibres connecting the pedicel 



with the berry of the grape. 

 BUD. The rudimentary state of a stem or branch ; 



an unexpanded flower. 

 BULLATE. Blistered or puckered. 



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CADUCOUS. Falling off early. 



CALLOSITY. A hardened thickening. 



CALLUS. A hard protuberance or callosity. 



CALYX. The outer series of the perianth of the flower; 



the sepals. 

 CAMPANULATE. Bell-shaped ; cup-shaped with a broad 



base. 

 CANE. A shoot which bears but once, particularly 



one which arises from the crown or root. 

 CANESCENT. Hoary with gray pubescence. 

 CAPILLARY. Hair-like. 

 CARPEL. One of the separable or integral parts of 



a compound pistil. 

 CAULINE. Belonging to the stem. 



CAVITY. The depression in the stem-end of a pome. 

 CELL. One of the minute vesicles of which plants 

 are formed. Any structure containing a cavity, 

 as the cells of an anther, ovary, etc. 

 CELLULAR. Composed of short, transparent, thin- 

 walled cells. 

 CHALAZA. The place where seed-coat and kernel of 



a seed connect. 

 CHLOROPHYLL. The green coloring-matter within 



the cells of plants. 



CILIATE. Marginally fringed with hairs. 

 CINEREOUS. Ash-color. 

 CION. A cutting set into a plant rather than in soil; 



graft. 



CLOSE-FERTILIZATION. Self-fertilization. 

 COALESCENCE. The union of parts or organs of the 



same kind. 

 COMPOUND. Composed of two or more similar parts 



united into one whole. 



COMPOUND LEAF. One divided into separate leaflets. 

 COMPRESSED. Flattened, especially laterally. 

 CONDUPLICATE. Folded together lengthwise. 

 CONFLUENT. Running into each other. 

 CONNIVENT. Coming into contact. 

 CONVOLUTE. Rolled up longitudinally. 

 CORDATE. Heart-shaped, with the point upward. 

 CORE. The ovary of a pome-fruit ; the central part 



of a fruit. 



CORIACEOUS. Leathery in texture. 

 COROLLA. The inner perianth, of distinct or connate 



petals. 



CORONIFORM. Shaped like a crown. 

 CORRUGATE. Wrinkled or in folds. 

 CORYMB. A flat-topped or convex open flower-cluster. 

 CORYMBOSE. In corymbs or corymb-like. 

 COTYLEDONS. The foliar portion or first leaves (one, 

 two, or more) of the embryo as found in the seed. 

 CRENATE. Dentate, with the teeth much rounded. 

 CRENULATE. Finely crenate. 

 CRISTATE. Bearing an elevated appendage resembling 



a crest. 

 CROSS. The offspring of any two flowers which have 



been cross-fertilized. 

 CROSS-BREED. A cross between varieties of the 



same species. 



CROSSING. The operation or practice of cross-pollinat- 

 ing. 

 CROSS-POLLINATION. Transfer of pollen to pistil of 



another flower. 



CROWN. An outgrowth from the throat of the 



perianth ; corona ; also the top of a bulb or corm, or 



of an upright roots^ock ; also that portion of a 



plant at the surface of the ground. 



CUNEATE. Wedge-shaped ; triangular, with the acute 



angle downward. 



CYME. A usually broad and flattish determinate in- 

 florescence, i.e., with its central or terminal flowers 

 blooming earliest. 

 CYMOSE. Bearing cymes, or cyme-like. 



DECIDUOUS. Not persistent; not evergreen. 

 DECOMPOUND. More than once compound or divided. 



