FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE 



formed on the extreme end, which is elevated to a 

 considerable angle above the ice. At the end of the 

 long arm a piece of cloth is fastened. A line 20 or 

 25 feet long is tied around the upright board, and all 

 but 8 or 10 feet of it coiled upon the ice. At this 

 point a loop is tied in the line and hung over the 

 hook on the short end of the wire. A No. 2 or No. 

 3 snell hook is used and baited with a minnow with- 

 out a sinker. A shallow hole having been chopped in 

 the ice, the upright is placed in it and water poured 

 about it, which soon freezes and holds it in place. A 

 hole 8 or 10 inches in diameter is cut to drop the 

 line through. A fish biting pulls the arm down and 

 releases the loop from the wire hook. The addi- 

 tional line coiled upon the ice allows ample slack for 

 the bait to be turned and gorged, so that when all is 

 out the fish is brought up sharply and hooked. At 

 the same moment the wire is pulled down releasing 

 the line, the lead weight slides down to the hook at 

 the end, holding it down, and the long end with the 

 cloth attached is elevated in the air to signal a bite. 

 The use of these tip-ups necessitates constant atten- 

 tion to keep the water from freezing in the holes and 

 holding the lines fast, and for this reason they can 

 not be left overnight and worked successfully. 



The under-water arrangement is less elaborate, 

 and is always in working order, night and day, no 



