Chap. V. 



ON THE EFFECTS OF DISUSE. 



181 



measured each bird from the extreme tip to tip of wing ; and the 

 length of the terminal folded part of the wing, from the extremity 

 of the primaries to the joint of the radius. I measured the feet 

 without the claws, from the end of the middle toe to the end of 

 the hind toe; and the tarsus and middle toe together. I have 

 taken in every case the mean measurement of two wild rock-pigeons 

 from the Shetland Islands, as tlie standard of comparison. The 

 following table shows the actual length of the feet in each bird ; 



Table. I. 



Pigeons with their beaks generally shorter than that of the Rock-pigeon, 



proportionally to the size of fh»ir bodies. 



Name of Breed. 



Wild rock-plKeon (mean measurement) . . 



Sliort-faced Tumbler, bald head 



„ „ almond 



Tumbler, red magpie 



„ red common (by standard to end 



of tail) 



„ common bald-bead 



„ roller 



Turbit 



It 



IT 



Jacobin 



Trumpeter, white 



„ mottled 



Fantail (by standard to end of tail) 



)) )» )) .... 



„ crested var. „ .... 



Indian Frill-back „ .... 



English Frill -back 



Nun 



Laugher 



Barb 



Spot .. '.'. '.'. '.. '.'. '.'. '.'. '.'. 



>» 



Swallow, red 



„ blue 



Pouter 



„ German 



Bussorah Carrier 



Number of specimenB 



Actual 



length 



of 



Feet 



2-02 



57 

 60 

 75 



85 

 85 

 80 

 75 

 80 

 84 

 90 

 02 

 95 

 85 

 95 

 95 

 SO 

 10 

 82 

 65 

 00 

 00 

 90 

 90 

 85 

 00 

 42 



17 



Difference between 

 actual and calculated 



length of feet, in 



proportion to length of 



feet and size of body 



in the Rocli-pigeon. 



Too short 



by 



0-11 

 0-16 

 0-19 



0-07 



0-18 



0-06 



0-17 



0-01 



015 



0-02 



0-06 



0-18 



15 



0-15 



00 



0-19 



0-03 



0-02 



0-16 



0-03 



o'{)2 

 0-07 

 0-18 



28 



22 



Too long 

 by 



03 



03 

 11 

 09 

 09 



