Chap. XXVII. OF PANGENESIS. 353 



tinguished from true ova, as was first shown by Sir J. 

 Lubbock, and is now admitted by Siebold. So, again, the 

 germ-balls in the larvag of Cecidomyia are said by Leuckart 9 

 to be formed within the ovarium, but they do not require to 

 be fertilised. It should also be observed that in sexual 

 generation, the ovules and the male element have equal power 

 of transmitting every single character possessed by either 

 parent to their offspring. We see this clearly when hybrids 

 are paired inter se, for the characters of both grandparents 

 often appear in the progeny, either perfectly or by segments. 

 It is an error to suppose that the male transmits certain 

 characters and the female other characters ; although no doubt, 

 from unknown causes, one sex sometimes has a much stronger 

 power of transmission than the other. 



It has, however, been maintained by some authors that a 

 bud differs essentially from a fertilised germ, in always re- 

 producing the perfect character of the parent-stock ; whilst 

 fertilised germs give birth to variable beings. But there is 

 no such broad distinction as this. In the eleventh chapter 

 numerous cases were advanced showing that buds occasionally 

 grow into plants having quite new characters ; and the 

 varieties thus produced can be propagated for a length of 

 time by buds, and occasionally by seed. Nevertheless, it must 

 be admitted that beings produced sexually are much more 

 liable to vary than those produced asexually ; and of this fact 

 a partial explanation will hereafter be attempted. The 

 variability in both cases is determined by the same general 

 causes, and is governed by the same laws. Hence new 

 varieties arising from buds cannot be distinguished from 

 those arising from seed. Although bud-varieties usually 

 retain their character during successive bud-generations, yet 

 they occasionally revert, even after a long series of bud- 

 generations, to their former character. This tendency to 

 reversion in buds, is one of the most remarkable of the several 

 points of agreement between the offspring from bud and 

 seminal reproduction. 



But there is one difference between organisms produced 



9 ' On the Asexual Reproduction of ' Annals and Mug. of Nat. Hist.,' 

 Cecidomyide Larva-,' translated in March, 18G6, pp. 167, 171. 

 VOL. II. 2 A 



