Tin: LOfl l.K HEN \: 



tli,- -I: the only part that will reall) multiply thi H 



be hat 



§omi i I Achartus, ai 



mmon Parmi 



□ fully i 

 bj Mr. II. rki li j 1 1 . 30 i. It is, t 



details ing th< bical distribution and u» a of thi 



. which B combine under the name of Lich 



Pulverulent Lichens are the first plants that clothe the i 

 Wands in the midst of the oceai id then M 



Liverv A found iq 



bricki . ind similar | ad the - 



different parts "t the world : thus, the Lichens of North America diffi r littl 

 nl Buropi are aot met with on decaying matter, where the) 



but they often occnpy tl of living plants, especially thi 



me) lay hold of <\ Chi ir chosen climate i- one that i» I 



tn ilu- north or their favourii n the 



a-day sun. No place be a mi mt haunt tlian tl 



■ 1 buildings, in c They an 



with, in one place or otl nor to the pole, and from 1 



limit- .al snow. I found near the i 



imperfect, such as the crust . which c ly be distingui m the 



i-'x-ks they grow u] 1 on mountain-tops, and near the i 



thalami are most abundant in tropical Amerii 

 Lichens have been remarked by De Candolle to 

 ndering them tit for 

 urine, the other making them nutritive and medicinally useful to man. i 

 1 tliut oxalate of lime at abundance in Lich 



which are granular and c imon Vai 



upon almost every old beech-tree, contains rather more than twenty-nine per 



.) Lichens tl on tin- summit of fir found 



I John, of Berlin, to contain an uncommon proportion irious 



illustration of the peculiar which vi 



inic mart nted t" them in their food, < I 



dyeing, the principal <■: • i perella, the I l 



d'Auvergne of the French, Lecanora tart 

 and atra, Variolaria lactea, I i i and cinerea, Isidium W'esti 



Lepraria chlorina ; of the f oliaci itilis, omphalod -. 



oonspersa, and parietii . Solorina . and (!\i 



and pustulata ; but thi most im 'la tinctoria and fuciformis, 



of which makes litmus, and is largely used by manufacturers under thi 

 < toenail, or Archill, or < *rseill 



1 employed in a similar manner, tea plicata, Evei ... 



jubata, Ramalina scopulorum, and several Cenomyces. Dr. 

 common yellow pale Lichen (Parmelia parietii culiar col 



Bailed Parietin, of a bright yellow. This is height) ued by a drop of uitr 

 sulphuric :i«.-i < 1 ; while minute quantities of ammonia, <>r other 

 rich r» d inclining to purple. 



rdh considers Lichensmoreni arly allied to Fungals thai 

 if Sphurias or I bad a thaUus, tin ■;. d that i!. 



all that determines such genera as Calyci . \ 

 and not Fungi. He adds, that all the i m Algals 



which have been detected by modern inqi 

 of the Lichen tribe, and by no i liens thi i 



Frii s, Lii bi - 



Frii . with the followii 



perennial, constantly growing, with a fil 

 (either few or several glued b gether w i ; h a comm 

 Fructification homogeneous, growing exti ma!' I 



of these plants appear t" 1"' mi :■ oric productio 

 suddenly overrun all the leaves of pines on thi - 

 of Dresden ; on another, on the 29th 

 file sails and masts oi a ship at Stockholm : and 1':-. 



