Km. BALANOPHORAt I 



Dumi i 1 anfrai 



de flow* 

 roun I pedicel (Balanoj 



amongst w 1 1 i i • 1 1 fcl 



i ovarium, with 1-2 si 

 closely u the ovary, and not distinguishable from it; limb 2-lip] 



ly (Cynomorium), there are 6 irregularly in of the perianth. 



Ovary 1-celled (2-celled according to Endlicher in Scybalium). Ovul 

 naked pendulous nucleus; position of apex unknown. Styles 1 oi 

 with a Bimple papillo (Style flattened in Cynomorium, 



chords, and two papilli points. In - byte, thi 



by capitula, which ai on a bi 



picarp rather fle rus- 



tac< - solitary, pendulous, filling the rp. Alb 



huge, hard, densely packed grains, adhen nt to the delicate membrane t!. 

 them. Embryo lateral in Cynomorium and Corynaea ; spherical, undivided, and 

 iu the former; harder, compressed, and lobed in the lar 



•• \ .. ry remarkable natural order, displaying much variety in habit and struct 

 the floral organs, but iu all essential charactei ially in t 



reproduction. They have been likened to Fungi in appearance and mode of growth 

 l>\ some, but others tail t" recognize any such similarity. They differ whol j 

 that natural order in '-nee, anatomy, structure, slow mode of growth, and in 



having conspicuous brightly coloured male flowers. 



e earliest stage at which I have examined Balanophora, an I allied 



American plants, presents a minute amorphous cellular m tling in rupt 



of the hark of th' tin' plant, which is henceforward the Stock. \ 



forms in the axis of this mass, which swells, and displacing more bark, enlarj 



rous rhizome, that in a the root, to which it is art.; 



on one side only. In Helosis and Langsdorffia, a branched rhizomi 

 underground. This rhizome has a dicotyledonous arrangement of its vascular pi . 

 and sometimes gives off rootlets, which, when they come in tact wit ther root 

 fibres of the stock, induce a specific action on them, terminating in destruction of the 

 hark, and a further attachment of the parasite. In no case has the germh 

 the embryo been observed, but the subsequent :' growth so entin .ble 



those of Loranthacese, that there appears no reason to expect any anomaly in the 



• I'lie rhizome, when tuberous, is generally covered with large li 

 of cellular, often cruciform pustules, uncovered by the cuticle. In these tu 

 arrangement of 1 Jar bund also exogenous, re* m 



in anatomical details that which prevails in some species of Lorantl i 



oscular tissue run from the tuber (or rhizome) into the peduncle, wl 

 often symmetrically arranged, and supply the scales, the bract 



the infloi The cellular tissue is composed of 



-. full of resinous matter (and Bome starch grains ') ; the vascular of woody tul 



large, barred, spirally-marked, seldom unrollable tubes, of bothrenchj 

 cylindrical and hexagonal, simple and 



tubes and cells, with perforated walls. There are do true s] 

 vasculai tissue is always in contact with the wood of the stock, w] 

 ramifies in the tuber. This contact is sometimes ^> intimate, that 

 to separate the vascular bundles of f 



long maceration, the latter may hence be traced apparently runni 

 up the peduncle, and into the head of flowers. The peduncle ' 

 of the tuber or rhizome; in its youngest state it if 



scah liar bundles form independently iu it 



those of the rhizome. Tl i of the peduncle and si 



functions are probably performed by the lent 

 that nestle amongBt the female flowers of the American 

 appear to be abortive female flowers in most 



also in part reduced, deformed, or displaced segm< I I 



Cynomorium <. They have been compared with ti ■ 



with which they have no further affinity or ana 



Thi ovarii have also been likened to the pistillidia '■' 



they hear no relation in structure, origin, or function. 1 



female flowers of some American 8] y- 68 - 



- , 



