ENDOGENS. 103 



regarded as made up of scales, analoj without any thing that 



can be Btrictly called either calyx or corolla being ever pr< ent. T] 

 have in iiiaii\ instances the sexes separated ; but their glumai 

 overrules this peculiarity. 



Next to them seem to be stationed Bulrushes; plant- with b< 

 their floral envelopes, but arranged in rings, and so falling within the 

 definition of at least a calyx. Their sexes an- disunited, and that important 

 circumstance associate-, them with Palms, Arums, and other arboi 

 tropica] plants, together with a small group of water plants, or Hydra 

 This separation of the sexes appears to be a mark of verj great importam 

 when it is complete ; and must not be confounded with another kind of 

 separation, in which flowers of one sex have the other sex pn n nt in an 

 imperfect condition, and often become actually hermaphrodite. All Buch 

 cases, although set down in books as monoecious or dioecious, are bi 

 means diclinous, and are excluded from the division containing the Aral 

 Alliance, with the exception of Palms, in which flowers are occasionally 

 altogether hermaphrodite, and which, therefore, form a real exception to 

 the prevailing character of this part of the classification. 



The remainder of Endogens are typically hermaphrodite, the number of 

 exceptions to that character being very few. One division of them has the 

 ovarj adherent to the calyx and corolla, the other has that organ fire, a 

 portion of the Narcissal Alliance having - both characteristics. The line of 

 orders thus associated is closed by the Alismal Alliance, some of whi 

 Bpecies are almost exogenous as has been already mentioned, while other.-, 

 being truly diclinous, carry the circle of affinity back to the Hydral Alliance. 



Alliances of Endogens. 



I. Glumales. — Flowers glumaceous ; {that is to say, composed of bracts not 

 collected in true whorls, but consisting of imbricated colour- 

 less or herbaceous scales). 



11. Flowers petaloid, or furnished with a true calyx or corolla, or with both, 

 or absolutely naked; <$ 9 (that is, having sexes ■ 

 in different flowers, without half-formed rudimentt 

 absent sexes being present). 



Arai.es. — Flowers naked or consisting of scales, 2 or 3 togei 



and then sessile on a simple naked spadix ; • n br % a oj 

 albumen mealy or fleshy. (Some havi m a 



Palmalbs. — Flowersperft ct (with both ca corolla), sessil* ■ n a ! 



scaly spadix ; embryo vague, solid ; aR ■ 

 fleshy. Some Palms are 0. 



IIydiules. — Flowers perfect or imperfect, usually a 



without albumen — aquatics. (Some < 



III.— Flowers furnished with a true calyx, and corolla, 



ry ; £ . 



Naucissales. — Flowers symmetrical ; stamens 



Is with albumen. (Some Br tin '< <■ •■' I i • " 

 calyx and corolla) 



