326 VIOLALES. [Hypogynous Exoqens. 



Alliance XXVI. VIOLALES.— Tim Violal Alliance. 



Diagnosis,— Hypogynous Exogens, with monodichlamydeous flowers, parietal or suiural 

 placenta, and straight embryo with little or no albumen. 



If we except Moringads, Tamarisks and Houseleeks, which are doubtful members of this 

 Alliance, the present group seems quite natural ; and those Orders themselves appear to 

 find no better station, as will be shown when speaking of their respective affinities. I he 

 parietal placentation is without example among Hypogynous Alliances, except m Listata, 

 whose curved or spiral embryo seems to distinguish them perfectly. 



Natural Orders of Violals. 



Flowers scattered, apetalous or polypetalous. Petals and stamens "1 j 10 . Flacourtiace.e. 



both hypogynous. Leaves dotless, or with round dots only. . J 

 Flowers m catkins, apetalous, scaly, polygamous. Stamens\ lu Lacistemacbe. 



unilateral J 



Rowers scattered, apetalous, tubular, hermaphrodite. Leaves ~\ 



marked with both round and linear transparent dots. (Sta- U.12. Samydace*. 



mens perigynous) J 



Flowers polypetalous or apetalous, coronetted. Petals periyy- "j 

 nous, imbricated. Stamens on the stalk of the ovary. Styles Ml 3. Passiflorace*:. 

 simple, terminal. Seeds arillate. Leaves stipulate ... J 

 Flowers polypetalous, coronetted. Petals perigynous, imbricated. "1 



Stamens on the stalk of the ovary. Styles simple, dorsal. UU.Malesherbiace.e. 



/Seeds without aril. Leaves without stipules J 



Flowers polypetalous. Calyx many-leaved. Petals perigynous. "I 



Anthers l-cellcd. Fruit stipitate, consolidated, siliquose. Ul5. Moringace.e. 



Seeds without albumen (Stamens perigynous) J 



Flowers polypetalous. Calyx many-leaved. Petals hypogynous. "] 



Stamens all perfect; anthers crested, and turned inwards, j- 116. Violace/E. 



Fruit consolidated. Seeds albuminous J 



Floivers polypetalous. Calyx tubular, furrowed. Pctcds hypo- j j ^ ~ Frankeniace,e. 



gynous, unguiculate J 



Floivers polypetalous. Calyx many-leaved. Petals hypogynous.'] 



Styles distinct. Fruit consolidated. Seeds 00, basal, comose, Ml 8. Tamaricace,e. 



without albumen J 



Flowers polypetalous. Calyx many-leaved. Pctcds hypogynous. j 



Stamens partly sterile and petaloid ; anthers opposite the I ng Sauvagesiace^.. 

 petals, naked, turned outwards. Fruit consolidated. Seeds C 



albuminous. ■ J 



Flowers polypetalous or monopctalous. Calyx many-leaved. \ ]20 Crassulace.e. 



Petals hypogynous. Fruit follicular, apocarpous 

 lowers polypetalous. Petal 

 forked. Leaves exstipulate 



Flowers polypetalous. Petals perigynous, contorted. Styles} 121 _ TrRNERACEK 



