RUAHNAI 



EtHAMNA< i 





Order CCXXII. RHAMNACEiE.— Rhamn 



Kfaamni, Jm. Gen. 376. 17-..,- Khan,,,,*. D< 



Bkamnieti Endt.Gen. cexxxh . .-, 



Diagnosis.— AomnoI E 



uu petals, a.- 



Trees or shrubs, oft-n spiny. Leaves simple, alterna! 

 Stipules ,f any, mmute. Flowers small, g, n, ,. ; ,,. Inl J;, 



tunes J ? by abortion. Calyx 4-5-deft, valvate. Petal* 



Fig. CCCXCIV 



convolute, inserted into the orifice of the calyx, occasionally 0. - finite, 



opposite the petals. Disk fleshy. Ovary superior, or half su{ 

 ovules solitary, erect, anatropaL Fruit fleshy and indeh - 

 in 3 divisions. Seeds ered ; albumen fleshy, seldom wanting ; 

 as the seed, with large flat cotyledons, and a short infi i cle. 



I ndex this oame have been confounded four Orders, very diffen nl in • 

 even in natural affinities, the peculiarities of three of which ha 

 Ad. Brongniarl in hi- Memoir upon the subject, and a fourth 

 by ni\s,. if. These Orders are Rhamnads properly so called, Spindle -tn -. I 

 and Bladder-nuts the respective affinities ol which will 

 Brongniarl indicates the relation that Rhamnads bear, thus : 1 

 of stamens as the most important distinction of plants, it will be found thai 

 polypetalous Orders with perigynous Btamens, Apple worts an I 

 have the closest relation, agreeing with them in th 

 annate in Dumber, in the ascending ovules, and in their alt. • 

 two Btipules at their base : the number and position of tl i 

 ul ,,! rate them widely. But if the insertion of tl 



consideration, they will be found to have many cha 

 nenads ; such as, the sestivation ol the calyx, the i 

 stamens in the front of those petals, the structure 

 impo rtant points : the principal differenci - 1 . tween thi i 

 turned outwards in lSyttiuriads, the want in that Ol 

 Btamens, and 2 or mure ovules. Spurgeworts 

 constant separation of sexes in the former 

 suspended ovules, are obvious marks of distinction. II 



Fig. CCCXCIV. Zixyphua Baclei. 1. aflowei 



i. a seed divided vertically. 



• 



