765 a CINCHONACE.E. [Ehgynous Exogens. 



For the distinctions and relative values of the Officinal Quinquinas, see 

 Mr. Weddell's very important Ilistoire Naturelle des Quinquinas (folio, Paris, 1849). 

 The following remarks by Mr. Bentham show that the systematical arrangement of 

 the Order is at present far from being definitively settled : — 



" Its tribes, as successively proposed by De Candolle, Jussieu, and A. Eichard, and 

 finally adopted in the Prodromus, are generally easy of determination, but in some of 

 the details perhaps too artificial, and a few slight changes and transpositions might 

 render them more conformable to nature, without interfering with their practical 

 utility. Too much reliance has, perhaps, been placed on the number of carpellary 

 parts, and not enough on placentation (insertion of ovules), which, with the aestivation 

 of the corolla, might in many instances better serve both for the definition and for 

 the grouping of genera. The Naucleae, well marked by their inflorescence and seeds, 

 form an excellent tribe, if made to include Sarcocephalus, Anthocephalus, and 

 Cephalanthus. In the Cinchoneac there is little to alter, although the line of demar- 

 cation between them and the Rondeletieae is at present very ill-defined. The 

 remainder of the many-ovuled tribes require some re-arrangement. The two-celled 

 genera often present a third cell, and the many-celled are not unfrequently reduced 

 to two. Gardenia itself has not the characters assigned to the tribe to which it 

 gives its name, and the hardening of the endocarp, which distinguishes the poly- 

 pyrenous from the roultilocular berry, is but a vague character. It might be better 

 to suppress the two last tribes (Isertieae and Hamelieae), and re-distribute the whole 

 into three : Gardenieae, with fleshy indehiscent fruits ; Rondeletieae, with dehiscent or 

 pluricoccous fruits and interpetiolar stipules ; and Hedyoteae, with dehiscent or 

 pluricoccous fruits and conpetiolar stipules. For the sub-division of Gardenieae, the 

 placentation appears to afford good characters, although I have not as yet examined 

 with this view the whole of the genera. Probably three distinct forms will be found : 

 Eugardenieae, with parietal placentae not reaching the axis ; Randieae, with the ovules 

 more or less immersed in thick fleshy placentae ; and Bertiereae (or say Hamelieae ?), 

 with thinner placentae, superficial ovules, and little or no pulp to the berry. Some 

 genera of the last group come into close connexion with some Rondeletieae, and from 

 the latter the passage is very gradual into Hedyoteae ; yet I am unable to suggest 

 any better distinction between them than those generally adopted. Of the tribe 

 Isertieae, DC, Metabolos would take its place among Hedyoteae, next to Hedyotis 

 (Euhedyotis, Arn.), from which it differs but slightly as a genus ; Gonzalea among 

 Rondeletieae, close to Lerchea ; Isertia and Bruinsmannia among Gardenieae (Bertiereae). 

 The greater part of the Hamelieae would also range in the last-mentioned sub-tribe ; 

 for which, on that account, the name Hamelieae might be retained. Morelia, how- 

 ever, as well as Alibertia, Schradera, and perhaps one or two more, would be classed 

 in the sub-tribe Randieae. To the same sub-tribe I should refer Cordiera, and a few 

 imperfectly-known genera allied to it, in which the ovules are said to be large, fleshy, 

 and peltate, but which have most probably large fleshy peltate placentae, with one or 

 more ovules immersed therein, but not easily distinguishable in dried specimens. 

 Among the solitary-ovulated tribes, the only alteration of importance which suggests 

 itself is the consolidation of the two tribes of Guettardieae and Coffeae into one, as 

 neither the two or many-celled ovary, nor the drupaceous or baccate fruit, appear to 

 be sufficiently absolute distinctions to separate them as tribes. The whole might 

 take the name of Coffeae, and be divided into four or five sub-tribes, chiefly according 

 to the aestivation of the corolla and insertion of the ovules, viz. : — Vanguerieae 

 (including Morindeae and Canthium), with a valvate aestivation and pendulous ovules ; 

 Psychotrieae (including Cephaelideae), with a valvate aestivation and erect ovules. 

 Possibly a fifth might be inserted between Guettardieae and Ixoreae, with an imbricate 

 aestivation, like in those two tribes, but differing from Guettardieae in the baccate, 

 not drupaceous fruit, and from Ixoreae in the ovules suspended from the apex, or 

 nearly so ; but I am not acquainted with the fruits of a sufficient number of species 

 of Chomelia, Chiococca, Kraussia, &c, to ascertain whether they can be really so 

 separated from Guettardieae even as a sub-tribe. I am doubtful also whether the few 

 genera with an imbricate aestivation, and ovules erect or ascending, should be reckoned 

 among Ixoreae, or form an intermediate sub-tribe between them and Psychotrieae. 

 They are chiefly South American, and require further examination." — (Niger Flora.) 



ADDITIONAL GENEKA. 



Anthospermtd,*:. 

 Dysodidendron, Gardn. 



SPERMACOCID/K. 



Wigrrjarmia, Meyen, near Putoria. 

 DiphraKiims, Prcsl. 



Hypodematium, Rich, near Mitraearpum. 



Psychotrid^;. 



Proscephaleium, Krthls. near Cephaelis. 

 Zwardekronia, Krthls. } -r, , . . 



Streblosa, Krthh. [ near Psychotria 



