I'M) VEGETABLE ORGANOGRAPHY. 



carpel is then presented in a position contrary to the 

 natural one ; the seminiferous suture is found situated 

 externally, and the dorsal internally. 



The point whence the style takes its origin, whatever 

 be its position, is considered as the anatomical apex of 

 the carpellary ovary. In the greatest number of cases, it 

 is situated at the apparent apex of the fruit ; thus, for 

 example, in the Pea or Larkspur, the [style proceeds 

 from the tip of the ovary ; but there are plants where 

 the ventral suture is very short and the dorsal very much 

 swollen out, whence results a lateral position of the 

 anatomical apex, for example in the genera Rubus, 

 Fragaria, Potentilla, Sec. 



The style most frequently dries up or falls off after 

 fecundation ; but sometimes the whole of it, or at least 

 its base remains, either without changing its form, or 

 becoming elongated, or hardening so as to form at the 

 top of the ovary a more or less decided point : for 

 example, in Dry as and Clematis it forms a long bearded 

 process ; in several species of Geum, one without a 

 beard ; in Trigonella and some species of Ranunculus, a 

 nearly spiny process, &c. Sometimes the two placen- 

 tary styles are separate, and then result ovaries termi- 

 nated by two points or bifid carpellary styles, as, for 

 example, in certain kinds of Euphorbia. 



There are great differences between the carpels, 

 resulting from what takes place in them at maturity. 

 Some do not open naturally, and are said to be In de- 

 hiscent ; the others, which are called Dehiscent, open 

 in various ways. 



Indehiscent carpels are of two kinds : — 



1st. Those of a dry, scarious, bony or membranous 

 nature, have very little juice, few or no stomata, and 

 only contain two ovules, one of which is abortive, most 

 frequently before maturity. In these carpels the seed is 



