170 VEGETABLE ORGANOGRAPHY. 



Covered, when, as in Phy salts, the calyx has a ten- 

 dency to be closed at the top, and thus entirely surrounds 

 the fruit ; we say that it is Concealed, when the per- 

 sistent calyx only surrounds it in part, as in Nicandra 

 or Hyosciamus. The calyces of the Labiatae are tubular, 

 persistent, and contain four monospermous caryopses ; 

 after flowering, in certain genera, their lobes close in 

 together, and the fruits may be said to be covered ; in 

 others they remain more or less open, and the fruits may 

 be said to be concealed ; in this last case, it ahnost 

 always happens that little hairs, which are not perceived 

 before on the inner face of the calyx, are developed 

 after the fall of the sexual and corolline parts ; they 

 close the entrance of the tube, and protect the young 

 fruit from rain and insects. 



Section V. 



Of the Organs situated outside the Flower, and which 

 sometimes seem to form Part of the Fruit. 



Not only can the organs of the flower, in certain 

 cases, become integrant or apparent parts of the fruit, 

 but the same thing may happen with the bracts or 

 involucra as well as the peduncles and receptacles. 



All that I have said of the calyx or perigone, in their 

 connexion with the fruit, may almost apply to the 

 bracts or involucra, observing only that the examples 

 are much less numerous ; thus, we sometimes find 

 bracts which adhere to the calvx, or cover it so inti- 

 mately, that they seem part of the fruit : in Scohjmus 



