pumilnm. Ledum paliislie inir. decumbens, Andromeda polifolia, Sibbcddia procumbens, 

 Sivertia oblusn, Schidfzid crinila. Saussiirea Frolowii, Saussurea pygmaea. Agrosiis 

 cldixila. Hicrocloc alpina subspec. miciostacbiia noi>. siibspec, Triseliim subspicatnm, 

 Phleum (dpiinim. Festiira alloica, Aera caespilosa, Calamagrostiii Langsdor/fii var. gracilis, 

 Carex rigida, Care.r fidiginosa, Carex fuliginosa subspec. sajanensis noi>. subspec, Carex 

 decipiens nov. spec. Carex Irislis. Carex alrala, Carex atrala var. aterrima. Poa palustris 

 subspec. esuriens nov. subspec. Caiex canescens. Carex canescens var. subloliacea, 

 Macropodium nivale. Campanula rolundifolia var. liniifolio. Lagotis glauca var. Pallasii. 

 Spiraea chamaedrg folia. Spiraea alpina. Euphorbia altaica Euphorbia lutescens. Pedicularis 

 amoena, Pedicularis mgriophyllum. Pedicularis versicolor, Pedicularis uncinala, Pedicularis 

 sudelica. Pedicularis euphrasioides, Bupleurum triradialum. Alsine aictica, Alsine biflora, 

 Silene lenuis. Potentilla anserina. Bupleurum longifolium var. aureum. Potentilla nivea 

 var. elongata. Potenlilla gelida. Aconitum ambiguum subspec. alpinum nov. comb.. Primula 

 nivalis var. Igpica. Primula elalior var. Pallasii, Trienlalis entopaea. Painassia palusliis, 

 Saxifraga oppositifolia, Sa.vifragn punctata. Sa.vifraga Hirculus. Saxifraga broncliialis, 

 Snxifraga androsacea, Matricaria ambigua. Doronicum all(ucum. Viola biflora, Scirpus 

 caespitosus. .hincus Irighunis. Luzula mullijlora. Luznla confusa. Luzula frigida. Allium 

 Victorialis, Epilobium anagallidi folium. Ulmaria penlapetala. Erioplioium angustifolium, 

 Llogdia serolina. Lycopodium Selago, Lycopodium alpinum. Athyrinm alpestre. and 

 Aspidium spinulosum. Several of these also desceiui — as already mentioned — into 

 the subalpinc tracts, where they may be met with, partly as characteristic constitu- 

 ents of the llora ot this region as well. 



The vegetation here does not, in the main, reach higher than about 2200 — 2300 m. 

 above sea-level, which may be regarded as the limit of the perennial snow in this 

 tract. 



The Wooded Steppe Region. 



The upper part of the Sisti-kem valley is a rugged Avood-land with lofty hills on 

 both sides, mostly grown with cedar, silver-fir, spruce, and some pine, and, accordingly, 

 in point of the flora, belonging to the subalpine region. In lower altitudes, at a greater 

 distance from the high mountains proper, the moisture gradually decreases. 



Southwards, the transitions in the natural conditions are rather sudden. The great 

 moisture is dependent on the loftier mountain masses, which are everywhere in these 

 regions of an eruptive nature. The Isohyeloses will no doubt prove to be closely connec- 

 ted with the relief of the country and in their broad features show the same course as the 

 curves of height. The lower parts are not only drier, but the ground is also of another 

 kind, consisting here of Devonian sandstone. Thus, both the climatic and the 

 edaphic conditions are factors contributing towards altering the natural conditions 

 when advancing southwards. About half way between Ust Algiac and Ust Sisti-kem 



76 



