between this species and S. auranliaciis DC, as the characters which are recorded to 

 separate these 2 species, are very trite and relative, and seemed- to pass completely into 

 each other. The deep orange colour recorded to be characteristic of the latter, is of 

 secondai-y systematic importance, as it is also to be found in authentic forms oiS.campest- 

 ris from alpine tracts and arctic regions. It would, probably, in point of classification, be 

 right to maintain the name of S. inlegrifoliiis (L.) Clairv. = Cineraria intcgrifolia (L.) 

 ]\[l!H. ^= Olhomia integrifolia L., in which are comprised both the species S. campeslris 

 and S. aurantiacus. I have collected tliis species in dry, sandy meadows on islets in the 

 river Abakan, between Ust Kamuishto and Ust Abakansk, where, in places, it is very 

 common. In full flower in the second half of June. 



Distribution: Over the greater part of Europe, Caucasia, Siberia, northwards to to- 

 wards 71° noi-th lat., eastwards to the Tshuktsher Peninsula and the Amoor Province, 

 northern Mongolia, Manchooria, Corea, northern China, Japan. In North Amei'ica re- 

 placed by the nearly allied S. ioinenlosas Michx. 



Carlina vulgaris L. Spec. PI. ed. II (1763) p. 1161: Turczan. Cat. Baical. no. 693; Tur- 

 czan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1847) p. 49, no. 672; Herder, PI. Radd. (1868) p. 51, no. 192. 



var. nebrodensis (Gusson) KryloM , 1. c. C. nebrodensis Gusson, Ledeb. Fl. Alt. IV, 

 p. 13; Karel. et Kiril. Enum. PI. Fl. All. no. 507; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 675. 



On dry, grass-grown declivities, in Uiickets of foliage and coniferous trees near 

 Kushabar. Young flowers about the middle of July. 



Distribution: Europe, northwards to middle Scandinavia, Caucasia and Asia Minor, 

 southern Siberia, eastwards roughly to Lake Baikal. 



Lappa tomentosa Lamarck, Encycl. I (1783) p. 377; Turczan. Cat. Baical. no. 668; 

 Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, j). 749; Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1847) p. 58, no. 680; h-pbi.i. (I).i. 

 A.iT. Ill (1904) p. 685. Arclium lomentosiim Sclikuhr. Ledeb. Fl. AU. lY, p. 37. 



Rather frequent about Minusinsk and Kushabar, and near habitations in the Amyl 

 valley. 



Distribution: Nearly all over Eui'ope, except the southern parts, Caucasia, south- 

 western Asia, Sibena, northwards to about 63° 50' north lat., and eastwai'ds to the govern- 

 ment of Irkutsk, North America (adventive from Europe). 



Carduus crispus L. Spec. PI. ed. II (1763) p. 1150: Ledeb. Fl. Alt. IV, p. 36; Turczan. 

 Cat. Baical. no. 674; Karel. et Kiril. Enum. PI. Fl. Alt. no. 516; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. II, p. 720; 

 Turczan. Fl. Baical.-Dahur. (1847) p. 51, no. 673; Herder, PI. Radd. (1870) p. 81, no. 195; 

 EpMji. (I)ji. Ajit. Ill (1904) p. 687. 



Scattered in the tracts along the river Abakan, especially near cultivated places, such 

 as Ust Abakansk and Askys, here and there by the road between Minusinsk and 

 Kushabar, and in di7 places at Ust Sisti-kem and Ust Tara-kem. Specimens collected in 

 June have only leaves. 



430 



