LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xi 



FIG. PACK 



38. COPY OF PART OF ROBERT HOOK'S DRAWING OF A 



MAGNIFIED PIECE OF CORK . . . .173 



39. A PIECE OF CARTILAGE . . . . .174 



40. THREE KINDS OF CELLS . . . . .175 



41. Two SPECIMENS OF A BELL- ANIMALCULE (VORTICELLA) 196 



42. Six SUCCESSIVE STAGES IN THE DIVISION OF A "CELL" 201 



43. STAGES IN THE GROWTH FROM THE EGG OF THE 



COMMON FROG . . . ' ; . 210 



44. OUTLINE DRAWINGS OF THREE EUROPEAN TADPOLES . 217 



45. THE COMET SHOWN IN THE BAYEUX TAPESTRY. . 232 



46. THE CHOLERA SPIRILLUM, OR COMMA-BACILLUS OF 



KOCH . ...... 241 



47. A YOUNG SPIDER ...... 288 



48. VIEW OF THE LOWER SURFACE OF THE HEAD AND 



BODY OF A LARGE BURMESE SPIDER . . . 290 



49. SECTION THROUGH THE BODY OF A SPIDER TO SHOW 



THE SPINNING ORGANS . . . . .291 



50. ONE OF THE Two MIDDLE SPINNERETS OF THE COM- 



MON GARDEN SPIDER (EPEIRA DIADEMA} . . 292 



51. THE COMMON GARDEN SPIDER, CORRECTLY CALLED 



THE WHITE-CROSS SPIDER (EPEIRA DIADEMA) . 293 



52. ON THE RIGHT Two JUMPING BEANS : ON THE LEFT 



THE CATERPILLAR REMOVED FROM THE JUMPING 

 BEAN .....-. 299 



53. THE CATERPILLAR OF THE MOTH (CARPOCAPSA SAL- 



TITANS) REMOVED FROM THE JUMPING BEAN . 300 



54. THE MOTH (CARPOCAPSA SALTITANS) . . .301 



55. EARLY WINGED FEMALE HOP-LOUSE . . .316 



56. MALE HOP-LOUSE ... . 317 



57. ORDINARY WINGLESS FEMALE HOP-LOUSE . . 318 



58. FOUNDRESS OR STOCK-MOTHER OF THE HOP-LOUSE . 323 



59. SIDE VIEW OF WINGED VIVIPAROUS FEMALE OF THE 



HOP-LOUSE . - .. . . . 323 



60. AN ANT "MILKING" A "PLANT-LOUSE" OR "GREEN- 



FLY" FOR HONEY-DEW . . . . .324 



