198 AN ENGLISH SHIRE. 



and children, as even Mr. Freeman admits, were 

 probably spared in large numbers. Even of the men, 

 many doubtless became slaves to the Saxon lords; 

 while others maintained themselves in isolated bands in 

 the Weald. To this day the Euskarian type of humanity 

 is not uncommon among the Sussex peasantry, and all the 

 rivers still bear the Celtic names of Arun, Adur, Ouse, 

 and Calder. That there was ' no Welshmen left ' is 

 only another way of saying that the armed Welsh 

 resistance ceased. The Romanised Britons became 

 English churls and serfs nay, the very name for a serf 

 in ordinary conversation was Weala or Welshman. The 

 population received a new element the English 

 Saxons but it was not completely changed. The 

 Weorthingas and Goringas simply became masters of 

 the lands formerly held by Roman owners ; and the 

 cabins of their British serfs still clustered around the 

 wooden hall of the English lords. 



Nevertheless, Sussex is one of the most thoroughly 

 Teutonised counties in England. The proportion of 

 Saxon blood is very marked : light hair and blue eyes, 

 together with the broad and short English skull, are 

 common even among the peasantry. The number 

 of English Clan names noticed by Mr. Kemble in 

 the towns and villages of Sussex is 68 as against 

 60 in almost equally Teutonic Kent, 48 in Essex, 

 21 in largely Celtic Dorset, 6 in Cumberland, 2 in Corn- 

 wall, and none in Monmouth. The size and number of 

 the hundreds into which the county is divided tells us 

 much the same tale. Each hundred was originally a 

 group of one hundred free English families, settled on 



