Glossary. 215 



Berry. In botany, and properly, a separate fruit which 

 is pulpy and juicy throughout, as the grape, currant, to- 

 mato. The word is commonly employed to denote any 

 soft fruit or fruit-like part which is borne upon a woody 

 or perennial plant. The raspberry and blackberry are 

 collections of little fruits. 



Biennial (adj.). Persisting two years. As a rule, biennial 

 plants do not blossom until the second year. 



Bigeneric half-breed. The product of a cross between 

 varieties of species belonging to different genera. 



Bigeneric hybrid. A hybrid between species of different 

 genera ; bigener. 



Blight. The dying without apparent cause of the tenderer 

 parts of plants, especially of the leaves, flowers and young 

 fruit ; as pear blight. 



Botany. The science of plants. 



Bottle-grafting. A modification of whip-grafting by which 

 a heel of the scion is conducted into a bottle of water to. 

 supply temporary nourishment. 



Bottom heat. Heat applied underneath plants by artifi- 

 cial means. 



Bract. A much reduced leaf. Bracts are usually present 

 about the inflorescence. 



Break. A radical departure from the type. Ordi- 

 narily used in the sense of sport, but in its larger mean- 

 ing it refers to the permanent appearance of apparently 

 new or very pronounced characters in a species. 



Bud. A bud which is inserted in a plant with the in- 

 tention that it shall grow. 



Budding. The operation and practice of inserting a bud 

 in a plant with the intention that it shall grow. 



Bulb. A large, more or less permanent leaf-bud, usually 

 occupying the base of the stem, and emitting roots from 

 its lower portion. Bulbs are of two leading sorts; scaly, 

 when composed of narrow and mostly loose scales, as in 



