ANNOTATIONS AND ADDITIONS. 155 



Upper Egypt and to the Eed Sea. In Godiam, Kaffa, 

 Miecha, and Sami, the Abyssinian mountains rise to 10000 

 and 14000 (10657 and 14920 Eng.) feet, according to 

 exact measurements; not according to Bruce., who gives 

 the elevation of Chartum exceedingly wide of the truth, 

 i. e., 4730 (5041 Eng.) feet, instead of 1430 (1524 Eng.) 

 feet ! Eiippell, one of the most accurate observers of the 

 present day, found Abba Jaret, in 13 10' of latitude, 

 only 66 (70 Eng.) feet lower than Mont Blanc. (Compare 

 Eiippell, Eeise in Abyssinien, Bd. i. S. 414, and Bd. ii. 

 S. 443). Eiippell found, adjoining the Buahat, an elevated 

 plain 13080 (13939 Eng.) feet above the Eed Sea, barely 

 covered with a small quantity of fresh fallen snow (Hum- 

 boldt, Asie Centrale, T. iii. p. 272). The celebrated in- 

 scription of Adulis, which Niebuhr considers to be some- 

 what later than Juba and than Augustus, also speaks of 

 Abyssinian snow " that reaches to the knees/' This is, I 

 believe, the earliest mention in antiquity of snow within the 

 tropics (Asie Centrale, T. iii. p. 235) ; as the Paropanisus 

 is 12 of latitude north of the northern limit of the torrid 

 zone. 



Zimmermann's map of the countries about the Upper 

 Nile shews the dividing line which determines the basin of 

 the Great Eiver, and separates it on the south-east from the 

 domain of the rivers which flow into the Indian Ocean ; 

 that is to say, from the Doara*, which enters the sea north 

 of Magadoxo; from the Teb, which has its embouchure 

 on the Amber coast, near Ogda; and from the Goschop, 

 whose abundant stream is formed by the confluence of 



