CHARACE.E. 215 



Yar. ? /3. connivens. 



Plate 1921. 



C. connivens (Sahmann herb.), A. Braun in Flor. 1835, Vol. I. p. 73 ; Consp. Char. 



Eui'op. p. 7 ; in Monatsber. Akad. Wissenscb. Berlin, 1867, p. 927 ; and Fragm. 



Monog. Cbar. p. 180. Kiitz. Sp. Alg. p. 521 ; and Tab. Pbyc. Vol. VII. p. 26, t. 



63, f. i. Walhn. in Kongl. Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockb. 1854, p. 327. Chaboisseau 



in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Vol. XVIII. p. 119, pi. 1. Wahht. Monog. Sver. Xorg. 



Cbar. p. 35, footnote. Baling. Man. ed. 8, p. 472. H. & J. Groves in Journ. Bot. 



1880, p. 103, t. 207, f. 3. Sydow, Europ. Cbar. p. 89. Coss. & Germ. Atlas Fl. 



Envir. Par. ii. pi. 43. 

 C. connivens, var. Durian, KraliJc, PI. Alger. Xo. 154, and PI. Tunet. Xo. 385 (exsicc.)* 



Dioecious.] 



In ponds, lakes, and ditches, &c, more rarely in running water. 



[Var. a. — ] Common and generally distributed ; apparently more 

 rare in Scotland, but extending north to Orkney and Shetland. In 

 Ireland it occurs from south to north. 



[Var. ? /3. — Rare ; Stokes Bay, G-osport, Hampshire ; and Slapton 

 Sands, near Dartmouth, Devonshire.] 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Summer, Autumn. 



Stems 2 inches to 2 feet ; slender, often capillary ; the branchlets 

 i to 1 or even, [in large forms,] 1-2^ inches long. 



In the form C. Hedwigii, Agardh, the plant is dark green and much 

 stouter than the ordinary form, sometimes nearly 2 feet long, and the 

 branchlets | to 2 J inches long ; [a state of it in which all the joints of 

 the branchlets are without cortical cells, has been collected near Blair- 

 gowie, East Perthshire, by Mr. A. Sturrock, and described as var. 

 Sturrockii by Messrs. Groves in ' Journ. Bot. 1884,' p. 2.] The bract 

 cells are extremely variable in length, sometimes much shorter than 

 the nucule, and scarcely perceptible at the upper part of the branches ; 

 at other times they are all conspicuously longer than the nucule, 

 but perhaps most generally there are 2 of the bracts equalling the 

 nucule, and 2 shorter ; [and on the branchlets of barren specimens 

 they are frequently all rudimentary or absent.] The crusted forms 

 are rare, and more brittle than the ordinary green form. 



[* Kralik's specimens only differ from Salzmann's in being more slender. And 

 C. connivens, var. Durisei, A. Br. in Explor. de 1' Alger, pi. 39, f. 2 (C concinna, Durieu 

 and Coss. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Vol. VI. p. 183, footnote ; C. Durisei, A. Br. in 

 Monatsber. Akad. Wissenscb. Berlin, 1867, p. 926 ; and Fragm. Monog. Cbar. pp. 22, 

 179, t. vii. f. 252-254, which are reduced copies of tbose in Explor. de 1' Alger.) ; only 

 appears to be a mere form in which tbe bracts are developed at nearly all the nodes of 

 tbe branchlets ; tbere is no specimen of it at Kew. — X. E. B.] 



