MOKBID ANATOMY ^39 



meat of animals dead of anthrax causes them to suffer largely 

 from the intestinal form. It has been stated that probably 

 much of the so-called anthrax in dogs is simply cases of 

 ptomaine poisoning. 



It is reported that in birds anthrax usually runs a very 

 rapid and usually fatal course. Toward the end they stagger, 

 tremble or go into convulsions and die with bloody discharges 

 from the mouth, nostrils and anus. From the first the birds 

 are depressed, weak, and their feathers ruffled. There is 

 evidence of dyspnea. Carbuncles are said to appear on the 

 comb, wattles, conjunctiva, tongue and extremities. 



It has been stated that the milk from cows suffering with 

 anthrax contains i?ar/. anthracis. The writer found in the 

 examinations made in one epizootic that the anthrax bacteria 

 were present in considerable numbers in the milk just before 

 or immediately after death, but they were not found in the 

 milk of animals in the earlier stages of the disease. 



§123. Morbid anatomy. The nature and extent of the 

 tissue changes depend upon the course of the disease. When 

 experimentally produced it is ordinarily a septicemia. This 

 form often occurs in domesticated animals when they contract 

 the disease naturally . The more common anatomical changes 

 except in the most acute cases and in the strictly locahzed 

 lesions or carbuncles, are : 



Hemorrhages varying in amount from petechiae to blood 

 extravasations, with more or less serous, gelatinous and hem- 

 orrhagic infiltration of the submucous, subserous and subcuta- 

 neous tissue. 



The capillaries are distended and frequently there are 

 hemorrhages beneath the epidermis. The subcutis is sprinkled 

 with ecchymoses. Frequently there are gelatinous effusions 

 of a rather firm consistency and of varying size. The color 

 also differs, ranging between a deep yellow and a yellowish 

 brown. Often these edematous areas are sprinkled with hem- 

 orrhagic foci. A simple serous edema may occur. 



The lymphatic glands may be hemorrhagic, edematous 



