258 HOG CHOLERA 



Frequently recent hemorrhagic lesions seem to be associated 

 with cases presenting extensive ulcerations, which certainl}^ 

 are much older than the extravasations. It may be that the 

 latter are the result of a secondary invasion of the hog-cholera 

 virus, either from the ulcers in the intestine or from without. 

 To illustrate more fully the difference in the lesions of the two 

 forms of the disease, the published post-mortem notes of two 

 cases are appended. 



(i ) Acute form. Female, two years old, weight about 150 pounds. 

 She had been known to be sick but a few hours. The examination was 

 made two hours after death. A little blood was oozing from the nostrils. 

 The skin was not discolored. Upon section the skin was normal in 

 appearance. The liver was deeply reddened, due to engorgement of the 

 blood vessels. Blood flowed freely upon section. The spleen was 

 slightly enlarged and dark colored The kidneys were hyperemia, 

 especially the medullary portion. In the pelvis of the right kidney 

 there was a large blood clot. The mucous membrane of the intestines 

 was normal with the exception of several irregular areas of hyperemia. 

 In the fundus of the stomach was a large, dark blood clot. No ulcers. 

 The mesenteric glands were enlarged and darker than normal. In a few 

 cases the cortex was hemorrhagic. The right lung was in a state of 

 hyperemia. The heart contained very little liquid blood. 



Bacteriological examination. — A few bacteria were found in stained 

 <;over-glass preparations from the spleen aud liver. Tubes of slant agar 

 were inoculated with bits of the tissue from the hyperemic lung, liver, 

 spleen and kidneys. These tubes developed cultures of the hog-cholera 

 bacillus. A few of them were pure cultures ; the others contained, in 

 addition to the hog-cholera organism, a quite large bacillus. (Report 

 N. Y. State Com. Agric. 1887). 



(2) Chronic form. Small female, weight about 20 pounds. Con- 

 siderable reddening of the skin over the ventral aspect of the body and 

 limbs ; especially marked along the median line. Superficial inguinals 

 enlarged, of a mottled, pale and deep red color on section. Spleen 

 very large, 12 inches long, 2 inches broad, and five-eighths to three- 

 fourths inches thick at the hilus ; gorged with blood, friable. A small 

 number of punctiform hemorrhages in cortical portion of the kidneys. 

 Glands of mesentery and colon enlarged and congested. Deep redden- 

 ing of several square inches of mucosa fundus of stomach. Large intes- 

 tine contains a semi-liquid mass chiefly earth. Four large ulcers in the 

 cecum, one of them at least one inch across, covered by a yellowish 

 slough ; the peritoneum covering it is thickened and inflamed. In 

 upper colon there is considerable necrosis, involving the epithelium in 



