276 BLACK LEG 



ment of Pathology of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia 

 University, Vol. Yll (i8gg-igoo). (M. gives pathology and antitoxin 

 treatment, summary of cases and full bibliography. ) 



5. McFari<and. Tetanus and vaccination. The fourual of i\Ied- 

 ical Research, Vol. VII (1902), p. 474. (New Series Vol. II). 



BLACK LEG 



Svnonvms. Black quarter; symptomatic anthrax; quar- 

 ter ill; quarter evil; gangrenous emphysema; charboyi sympto- 

 matiqiie; Rauschbrand. 



% 198. Characterization. Black quarter is an acute 

 infectious disease of cattle characterized by the development 

 of an emphysematous swelling of the subcutaneous tissues and 

 mu.scles. These lesions are usually located upon and ordinarily 

 extend over the greater part of a hind quarter or of a shoulder. 

 The disease does not spread from animal to animal by simple 

 contact but the infection takes place apparently from a com- 

 mon source, the soil. The virus seems to exist in the soil in 

 certain localities only. Like tetanus, it is a disease following 

 a wound infection. 



Symptomatic anthrax is a disease of cattle, sheep and 

 goats, although the two latter species are rarely attacked. 

 Guinea pigs are very susceptible to inoculation. It is reported 

 that horses, asses and white rats develop local lesions when 

 inoculated subcutaneously with the virus. Other animals seem 

 to be immune. In cattle, it rarely occurs in the very young, 

 under six months, and in adults after the fourth year. 



§ 199. History. It is supposed that black quarter has 

 existed for hundreds of years, although it was not until late in 

 the last century that it was positively differentiated and recog- 

 nized as a distinct and specific disease. The descriptions 

 given to many of the earlier epizootics designated as anthrax 

 correspond more exactly with the present knowledge of black 

 quarter than they do of anthrax. 



In 1782, Chabert classified the various anthracoid dis- 



