676 Diseases of the Genital Organs 



vitamins are destroyed by cooking and the milk thereby 

 rendered unfit to sustain life and health. 



Experimentally I have fed numerous calves upon thor- 

 oughly boiled milk. A considerable proportion of these, 

 probably one-third, lived and grew splendidly; the others 

 quickly perished from dysentery, arthritis, or pyemia. Those 

 which did well showed health and vigor beyond that of 

 calves fed upon raw milk. The results are partially illus- 

 trated in Figs. 81 to 84. They are confusing because the 

 calves thus fed represent the extremes, without that middle 

 class of health observed in calves fed on raw milk. A fur- 

 ther study reveals the interesting fact that the calves which 

 did well upon cooked milk came from clean herds where 

 harmful genital infections were low or not clinically re- 

 cognizable, while the calves which promptly sickened and 

 died came from herds where genital infections were intense. 

 In other words, the cooked milk was excellent for those 

 calves which were born comparatively free from bacteria in 

 the meconium, and highly perilous for those having large 

 volumes of bacteria in the alimentary tract when born. The 

 cooked milk was perfect as a food but useless as a bacteri- 

 cide. 



My results were in such sharp contrast with the observa- 

 tions of others that their reliability was questioned. Some 

 disbelieved the effectual and reliable boiling of the milk. In 

 order to meet this objection, I personally removed two calves 

 from their dams at birth, without the dam's having so much 

 as licked her young. These were placed upon milk auto- 

 claved for thirty minutes under fifteen pounds of steam, 

 equivalent to a temperature of about 240 degrees F., or 28 

 degrees above boiling. The milk was browned to about the 

 color of weak coffee. I believed that, if vitamins or other 

 essential constituents were destroyed by heat, this would 

 demonstrate the fact. But the calves did phenomenally well, 

 equalling in health and rapidity of growth any 1 have ever 

 observed. The results of the experiment are partly shown 

 in Figs. 208 to 211 inclusive. Calf 70 was extremely thin, 

 weak, and sick at birth. She weighed forty-nine pounds. 



