r 



ma:nge in horses, asses, and mules. 



Definition.— The .same definition may be applied here as in 

 Scab of sheep. The disease is the same, except that it is caused 

 by different varieties of acari. 



Sarcoptic and Psoroptic Mange in horses and mules often 

 begin on those parts of the body to which the harness is applied, 

 but they extend to other parts if neglected. 



Symptoms. — Sarcoptic Mange is the more serious, as it does 

 not yield readily to treatment. The animals rub themselves, 

 and express satisfaction by moving the lips when scratched. 

 Pimples and scabs appear at the seat of the disease, and the 

 hair gets rubbed off. In neglected cases the skin becomes hard 

 and "folded, the animals emaciate, and they may die of 

 exhaustion. 



Symbiotic Mange appears at the root of the tail and on the 

 lower part of the limbs. The symptoms are not severe, but 

 the animals suffer a good deal of irritation, which they express 

 by rubbing the tail and stamping the feet. Sornetimes they 

 seriously injure the coronets by tramping on the itching part. 



PLEUEO-PNEUMONIA. 



Definition. — A contagious disease affecting the lungs and 

 pleura, and due to an infective agent. 



Animals affected. — Bovine animals. 



Symptoms. — The first signs of disease often escape notice. 

 The temperature rises. A dry, husky cough is present, especi- 

 ally when the animal first gets on its feet or when made to run. 

 In marked cases the breathing is rapid, and the movement of 

 the flanks is increased. If punched in the ribs, the animal 

 may grunt or show signs of pain. Some of the affected animals 

 may become greatly emaciated, but others, especially those 

 which have passed the acute stages, may appear to be in excel- 

 lent condition. It does not follow, however, that the latter are 

 cured ; they continue to infect others for a very long time. 



Post-mortem. — The chest cavity often contains a yellow fluid. 

 The lungs may be fixed to the ribs by a thick yellowish 

 membrane. 



The lungs are very solid in parts, and the surface is often 

 yellow. The cut section is marbled in red and yellow. The 

 septa (or fibrous tissue lines) are very broad, and a yellow 

 fluid exudes from the cut surface. In old cases a grey area 



