Injections and Lotions. 45 



steadily into the canal thus made; finally the syringe is 

 withdrawn, and the finger held for a minute over the wound 

 to prevent the fluid escaping. This slight and almost pain- 

 less operation can after a little practice be performed with 

 such ease, that it cannot but become a favorite method of 

 administration. We shall give the doses and preparations 

 called for in many disease, by this plan. 



Injections into the veins have been at times employed with 

 success. The jugular vein, which is easily accessible in all 

 animals, underneath the skin at the upper part of the neck, 

 is the one selected by preference. It is opened with a com- 

 mon fleam, and the liquid injected with a syringe. Only 

 small quantities can be used in this manner. They should 

 be well strained and clear, and warmed to the temperature 

 of the blood, which is 98° Fah. Milk and the blood of 

 healthy animals can be thrown into the veins of weak and 

 exhausted ones, and often the system is much benefitted. 

 But beyond this, the use of intra- venous injections is likely 

 to be limited. 



EXTERNAL METHODS. 



Lotions are fluid preparations generally made up extempo- 

 raneously and used for washing or bathing the part. For 

 bruises and sprains cooling lotions are prepared "with nitre, 

 sal ammoniac and water, vinegar and water, dilute alcohol 

 or simple cold water. Astringent lotions containing tannic 

 acid, sugar of lead, etc., are valuable in moist skin diseases. 

 Anodyne lotions relieve heat and pain in inflammation ; and 

 inflamed eyes are treated with cool or slightly astringent 

 lotions. 



When the fluid is used for rubbing on the part, it is called 

 a liniment or embrocation. These are very extensively em- 

 ployed in veterinary medicine for chronic swellings, painfu) 



