278 Diseases of Cattle. 



sage from the bowels of quantities of dark colored Iblood, 

 which form is particularly known as " bloody murrain." Or 

 it may attack the spleen, causing a rapid and fatal malady, 

 sometimes described as "apoplexy of the spleen." This is 

 especially common in milk cows. 



When charbon is prevalent, almost any wound which one 

 of the herd receives, no matter how free he is from the dis- 

 ease, is very liable to put on this malignant form of ulcera- 

 tion, and lead to fatal results. 



Gloss-anthrax or blain is occasionally, perhaps often, epi- 

 demic among herds. On examining the mouth, the tongue 

 seems enlarged, and large vesicles or blisters, dark red or 

 purple, are seen running along its sides and under surface, 

 especially toward the tip. These vesicles are filled with a 

 bloody fluid, which flows forth when they break, leaving an 

 angry raw spot, which quickly becomes a corroding ulcer. 

 Other blisters form near it, and in malignant cases, the blood 

 of the animal is quickly poisoned, and death may ensue in 

 twenty-four hours. In less rapid cases, the tongue is grad- 

 ually eaten away by the ulcerations, the glands behind and 

 under the jaw swell and break externally, and other ulcers 

 begin to appear about the feet, particularly at the junction 

 of the haw and the hoof, threatening the loss of the hoof. 



Constipation is always present, and an irritative fever of a 

 low typhoid form speedily makes its appearance, and carries 

 off the animal. 



This fever led to the disease, in some of its forms, 

 being described as "inflammatory fever of cattle," by 

 Youatt and others ; but a more modern study of its nature 

 has shown that the fever is a symptom only of a general 

 blood poisoning. 



" Anthrax fever " occurs when the malignant inflamma- 

 tion attacks some of the internal organs. The cow or steer 

 ceases feeding and ruminating, trembles, has partial sweats, 



